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Article

New Biodegradable Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Films with Liquid Products of Wood Pine Pyrolysis with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties

by
Grażyna B. Dąbrowska
1,*,
Marcel Antoszewski
1,
Aleksandra Szydłowska-Czerniak
2,
Aneta Raszkowska-Kaczor
3,
Tomasz Jędrzejewski
4,
Sylwia Wrotek
4,
Monika Bartkowiak
5,
Maria Swiontek Brzezinska
6 and
Magdalena Zborowska
5
1
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
2
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
3
Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Polymer Materials and Dyes Engineering, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 55, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
4
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
5
Department of Chemical Wood Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
6
Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2025, 18(10), 2228; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102228
Submission received: 23 April 2025 / Revised: 3 May 2025 / Accepted: 9 May 2025 / Published: 12 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Scale Bionic Materials: Interfacial Design, Effective Fabrication and Functional Application)
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Abstract

Novel carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) films with liquid products of pyrolysis (LPP) from wood pine were produced. The obtained CMC-LPP films were plasticized with 5% glycerol. CMC-LPP films were a light brown colour with a characteristic smoky scent, and showed a higher oxygen permeability when compared to control film without the addition of the LPP. CMC-LPP exhibited high antioxidant activity (5 and 18 times higher than CMC films). Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the CMC-LPP films was tested, showing a strong inhibiting growth effect on the seven tested human pathogenic bacteria. The new material had the most substantial bacteriostatic effect on Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Introduction of LPP to plasticised CMC produces an eco-friendly material with biocidal effect and favourable mechanical and structural properties, which shows its potential for possible use in many industries.
Keywords: antibacterial film; antioxidant properties; bioactive material; methylcellulose; pine tar; wood pyrolysis products antibacterial film; antioxidant properties; bioactive material; methylcellulose; pine tar; wood pyrolysis products

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MDPI and ACS Style

Dąbrowska, G.B.; Antoszewski, M.; Szydłowska-Czerniak, A.; Raszkowska-Kaczor, A.; Jędrzejewski, T.; Wrotek, S.; Bartkowiak, M.; Swiontek Brzezinska, M.; Zborowska, M. New Biodegradable Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Films with Liquid Products of Wood Pine Pyrolysis with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties. Materials 2025, 18, 2228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102228

AMA Style

Dąbrowska GB, Antoszewski M, Szydłowska-Czerniak A, Raszkowska-Kaczor A, Jędrzejewski T, Wrotek S, Bartkowiak M, Swiontek Brzezinska M, Zborowska M. New Biodegradable Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Films with Liquid Products of Wood Pine Pyrolysis with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties. Materials. 2025; 18(10):2228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102228

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dąbrowska, Grażyna B., Marcel Antoszewski, Aleksandra Szydłowska-Czerniak, Aneta Raszkowska-Kaczor, Tomasz Jędrzejewski, Sylwia Wrotek, Monika Bartkowiak, Maria Swiontek Brzezinska, and Magdalena Zborowska. 2025. "New Biodegradable Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Films with Liquid Products of Wood Pine Pyrolysis with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties" Materials 18, no. 10: 2228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102228

APA Style

Dąbrowska, G. B., Antoszewski, M., Szydłowska-Czerniak, A., Raszkowska-Kaczor, A., Jędrzejewski, T., Wrotek, S., Bartkowiak, M., Swiontek Brzezinska, M., & Zborowska, M. (2025). New Biodegradable Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Films with Liquid Products of Wood Pine Pyrolysis with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties. Materials, 18(10), 2228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102228

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