Formation and Characterization of Stable TiO2/CuxO-Based Solar Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Cross Section Analysis of TiO2/CuxO Thin Films
3.2. Solar Cell Performance
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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#28 | #29 | #32 | #35 | #37 | #38 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time [min] | 25 | 24 | ||||
Power [W] | 100 | |||||
Pressure [mbar] | 1.15 × 10−2 | 1.05 × 10−2 | 1.11 × 10−2 | 1.08 × 10−2 | 1.06 × 10−2 | 1.11 × 10−2 |
Distance between the source and substrate [mm] | 58 | |||||
Oxygen flow rate [cm3/s] | 2.5 | |||||
Argon flow rate [cm3/s] | 1 | |||||
Substrate temperature [°C] | 300 | |||||
Thickness [nm] | 49 | 41 | 54 | 43 | 49 | 45 |
#28 | #29 | #32 | #35 | #37 | #38 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time [min] | 30 | 22 | 25 | 22 | ||
Power [W] | 70 | |||||
Pressure [mbar] | 1.11 × 10−2 | 1.11 × 10−2 | 1.14 × 10−2 | 1.11 × 10−2 | 1.11 × 10−2 | 1.10 × 10−2 |
Distance between the source and substrate [mm] | 58 | |||||
Oxygen flow rate [cm3/s] | 3.5 | |||||
Argon flow rate [cm3/s] | 1 | |||||
Substrate temperature [°C] | 300 | |||||
Thickness [nm] | 1654 | 1201 | 1260 | 1305 | 1419 | 318 |
#28 | #29 | #32 | #35 | #37 | #38 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Voc [mV] | 176 | 300 | 75 | 14 | 23 | 71 |
Isc [µA] | 21 | 38 | 4.3 | 7 | 1.5 | 5.3 |
µ [%] | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||
Contact area [mm2] | 30 | 35 | 45 | 36 | 40 | |
Voc/CuO thickness [mV/nm] | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.22 |
Voc/TiO2 thickness [mV/nm] | 3.59 | 7.32 | 1.39 | 0.33 | 0.47 | 1.58 |
#28 | #29 | |
---|---|---|
Rs [Ω] | 27 k | 55 k |
Rsh [Ω] | 6.2 k | 270 M |
FF [%] | 18.5 | 16.6 |
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Wisz, G.; Sawicka-Chudy, P.; Sibiński, M.; Yavorskyi, R.; Łabuz, M.; Płoch, D.; Bester, M. Formation and Characterization of Stable TiO2/CuxO-Based Solar Cells. Materials 2023, 16, 5683. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165683
Wisz G, Sawicka-Chudy P, Sibiński M, Yavorskyi R, Łabuz M, Płoch D, Bester M. Formation and Characterization of Stable TiO2/CuxO-Based Solar Cells. Materials. 2023; 16(16):5683. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165683
Chicago/Turabian StyleWisz, Grzegorz, Paulina Sawicka-Chudy, Maciej Sibiński, Rostyslav Yavorskyi, Mirosław Łabuz, Dariusz Płoch, and Mariusz Bester. 2023. "Formation and Characterization of Stable TiO2/CuxO-Based Solar Cells" Materials 16, no. 16: 5683. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165683