Three-Dimensional Peri-Implant Tissue Changes in Immediately vs. Early Placed Tapered Implants Restored with Two Different Ceramic Materials—1 Year Results
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Definition of the Area of Interest (AOI)
2.2. Definition of the Reference Points (Figure 2)
2.3. Volumetric Analysis
2.4. Analysis Procedure
- Superimposition of STL data using best-fit algorithm focusing on the area of implant placement.
- Alignment of the superimposed files with the x-, y-, and z-axes by each surface of the restoration of the implant.
- Definition and marking of area of interest (AOI) in baseline STL and STL files at 6 and 12 months (Figure 3).
- Separation of the AOI (Figure 4) from the original STL files.
- Measurement of the AOI
- Analysis by comparison of the AOI of each STL file: the separated AOI of the baseline visit was projected onto the AOI of the STL at 6-month and 12-month follow up to analyze any volume changes.
- Vertical marginal height analysis using sectional analysis method. A vertical line was drawn from the zenith to the cusp/incisal edge of the tooth (Figure 5). Selection of reference points (points 1–4) on BL-STL was realized for analysis of horizontal changes in thickness at points 2, 3, and 4 and measurement of zenith changes (point 1) from BL to 6- and 12-month follow up (Figure 6 and Figure 7).
- Analysis of volume changes from AOI of BL to AOI of 6 and 12 months, using the sectional analysis method described earlier [23].
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Volume Changes
3.2. Overall Vertical Height Changes (Point 1)
3.3. Vertical Height of Zenith Point in Immediate vs. Early Placement and Zirconia vs. Lithium Disilicate
3.4. Changes in Horizontal Width
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Strasding, M.; Jeong, Y.; Marchand, L.; Hicklin, S.P.; Sailer, I.; Sun, M.; Lee, H. Three-Dimensional Peri-Implant Tissue Changes in Immediately vs. Early Placed Tapered Implants Restored with Two Different Ceramic Materials—1 Year Results. Materials 2023, 16, 5636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165636
Strasding M, Jeong Y, Marchand L, Hicklin SP, Sailer I, Sun M, Lee H. Three-Dimensional Peri-Implant Tissue Changes in Immediately vs. Early Placed Tapered Implants Restored with Two Different Ceramic Materials—1 Year Results. Materials. 2023; 16(16):5636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165636
Chicago/Turabian StyleStrasding, Malin, Yuwon Jeong, Laurent Marchand, Stefan P. Hicklin, Irena Sailer, Minji Sun, and Hyeonjong Lee. 2023. "Three-Dimensional Peri-Implant Tissue Changes in Immediately vs. Early Placed Tapered Implants Restored with Two Different Ceramic Materials—1 Year Results" Materials 16, no. 16: 5636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16165636