Development of Actuators for Repairing Cracks by Coating W Wires with Reactive Multilayers
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University of Coimbra, CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polo II, R. Luís Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
2
Poland Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta 25, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Cecilia Mortalò, Silvia Maria Deambrosis and Valentina Zin
Materials 2022, 15(3), 869; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030869
Received: 21 December 2021
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Revised: 13 January 2022
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Accepted: 17 January 2022
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Published: 24 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Topic Inorganic Thin Film Materials)
The aim of this research work was to optimize the coating of tungsten wires with reactive multilayer thin films and promote an exothermic self-propagating reaction. The ultimate goal is to use this heat to liquify low melting temperature materials, and thus block crack propagation in metallic materials. Ni/Me (Me = Al, Ti) multilayers were deposited by a DC (direct current) magnetron sputtering onto tungsten wires with diameters of 0.05 and 0.20 mm. The depositions were carried out to obtain films with near equiatomic average chemical composition and a modulation period (bilayer thickness) between 20 and 50 nm. The cross-section of the films was analyzed using electron microscopy before and after electrical ignition. A new substrate holder was developed to improve the quality of the Al/Ni films, allowing a reduction in the defects previously observed. The Ni/Ti thin films showed no discernible defects, regardless of the substrate holder. However, after ignition, the Ni + Ti reaction occurred in a non-self-propagating mode. Passing an electric current through a wire (ϕ = 0.05 mm) coated with an Al/Ni thin film, promoted a flash of light that was associated with the start of a self-propagating reaction. The reaction product was a B2-AlNi intermetallic phase. W wires coated with reactive multilayers may contribute to crack filling, and have potential to be self-healing actuators.
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Keywords:
multilayer thin films; sputtering; TEM (transmission electron microscopy); self-propagating reactions; liquid phase actuators
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MDPI and ACS Style
Santos Silva, G.; Maj, L.; Morgiel, J.; Vieira, M.T.; Ramos, A.S. Development of Actuators for Repairing Cracks by Coating W Wires with Reactive Multilayers. Materials 2022, 15, 869. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030869
AMA Style
Santos Silva G, Maj L, Morgiel J, Vieira MT, Ramos AS. Development of Actuators for Repairing Cracks by Coating W Wires with Reactive Multilayers. Materials. 2022; 15(3):869. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030869
Chicago/Turabian StyleSantos Silva, Gabriel, Lukasz Maj, Jerzy Morgiel, Maria Teresa Vieira, and Ana Sofia Ramos. 2022. "Development of Actuators for Repairing Cracks by Coating W Wires with Reactive Multilayers" Materials 15, no. 3: 869. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15030869
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