Applying the FMR Technique to Analyzing the Influence of Nitriding on the Magnetic Properties of Steel
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Methodology
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Mechanical Properties
3.2. FMR Spectra
3.3. Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Grade Steel | Sample No. | Φ (mm) | Element Content in wt.% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | Mn | Si | P | S | Ni | Cr | |||
AISI 1010 | 3A; 13 | 2.50 | 0.10 | 0.5 | 01 | 0.04 | 0.05 | - | - |
AISI 52100 | 4A; 14 | 3.00 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.02 | 0.02 | - | 1.5 |
Parameters of the Nitriding Processes (1208) | Parameters of the Annealing Processes | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample No. | Stage I | Stage II | Inlet Atmosphere | T [°C] | t [h] | Inlet Atmosphere | ||||
T [°C] | t [h] | Np [atm−05] | T [°C] | t [h] | Np [atm−05] | |||||
3A; 4A | 580 | 5 | 3.20 | 600 | 11 | 0.50 | NH3/NH3zd | - | - | - |
13; 14 | 580 | 5 | 3.20 | 600 | 11 | 0.50 | NH3/NH3zd | 520 | 4 | N2/Ar/P = 150 Pa |
Grade Steel | Sample No. | Φ (mm) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
gmp (µm) | gpor (µm) | PC WL | |||
AISI 1010 | 3A | 3.0 | 50 ± 1 | 20 ± 1 | Fe4N-γ’ |
AISI 1010 | 13 | 3.0 | 56 ± 1 | 25 ± 1 | Fe4N-γ’; Fe-α |
AISI 52100 | 4A | 2.5 | 37 ± 1 | 11 ± 1 | Fe4N-γ’ |
AISI 52100 | 14 | 2.5 | 38 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | Fe4N-γ’; Fe-α |
Sample | Starting (SS) | Nitrided | Nitrided and Annealed |
---|---|---|---|
AISI 1010 | 0.23 L | 0.74 L | 0.38 L |
AISI 52100 | 0.28 L | 0.78 L | 0.48 L |
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Kaczmarek, S.M.; Michalski, J.; Leniec, G.; Fuks, H.; Frączek, T.; Dudek, A. Applying the FMR Technique to Analyzing the Influence of Nitriding on the Magnetic Properties of Steel. Materials 2022, 15, 4080. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15124080
Kaczmarek SM, Michalski J, Leniec G, Fuks H, Frączek T, Dudek A. Applying the FMR Technique to Analyzing the Influence of Nitriding on the Magnetic Properties of Steel. Materials. 2022; 15(12):4080. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15124080
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaczmarek, Slawomir Maksymilian, Jerzy Michalski, Grzegorz Leniec, Hubert Fuks, Tadeusz Frączek, and Agata Dudek. 2022. "Applying the FMR Technique to Analyzing the Influence of Nitriding on the Magnetic Properties of Steel" Materials 15, no. 12: 4080. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15124080