Development of Efficient One-Pot Methods for the Synthesis of Luminescent Dyes and Sol–Gel Hybrid Materials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Synthesis Procedures
2.1.1. General Synthesis Procedure
2.1.2. General Procedure of Microwave-Assisted Fluorescein Alkylation
2.1.3. General Procedure of Solventless Ball-Milling Fluorescein Alkylation
2.1.4. General Procedure of the Sol–Gel Synthesis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Synthesis Optimization
3.2. New Route—Ball Milling
3.3. Spectroscopic Properties
3.4. Sol–Gel Hybrid Materials
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Entry | Microwave Heating Yield (%) | Classical Heating Yield (%) | Ball-Milling Yield (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | A | B | B | |
1 (methylated derivatives) | 29 | 68 | 19 | 56 | 55 |
2 (ethylated derivatives) | 25 | 62 | 15 | 35 | 41 |
Origin | Compound | λabs (nm) | λem (nm) | T (nm) | QY (%) | Concluded Form |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reference | Fluorescein | 437 | 475 | 3.5–4.4 | 90–100 | Cationic [4,7,42,47] |
Fluorescein | 453; 474 | 517 | 2.97 ± 0.02 | 29 | Neutral [4,7,42,47] | |
This work | 1B (methylated open form) | 455; 475 | 515 | 3.23 | 37.88 | Neutral |
2B (ethylated open form) | 452; 473 | 517 | 3.24 | 36.56 | Neutral | |
1A (methylated closed form) | 440 | 460 | 4.28 | 23.18 | Cationic | |
2A (ethylated closed form) | 440 | 460 | 3.49 | 19.89 | Cationic |
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Zdończyk, M.; Potaniec, B.; Skoreński, M.; Cybińska, J. Development of Efficient One-Pot Methods for the Synthesis of Luminescent Dyes and Sol–Gel Hybrid Materials. Materials 2022, 15, 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010203
Zdończyk M, Potaniec B, Skoreński M, Cybińska J. Development of Efficient One-Pot Methods for the Synthesis of Luminescent Dyes and Sol–Gel Hybrid Materials. Materials. 2022; 15(1):203. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010203
Chicago/Turabian StyleZdończyk, Maria, Bartłomiej Potaniec, Marcin Skoreński, and Joanna Cybińska. 2022. "Development of Efficient One-Pot Methods for the Synthesis of Luminescent Dyes and Sol–Gel Hybrid Materials" Materials 15, no. 1: 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010203