Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inverse Nanocomposite Made from Polylactide and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

Polymer nanocomposites have been extensively researched for a variety of applications, including medical osteoregenerative implants. However, no satisfactory solution has yet been found for regeneration of big, and so-called critical, bone losses. The requirement is to create a resorbable material which is characterised by optimum porosity, sufficient strength, and elastic modulus matching that of the bone, thus stimulating tissue regrowth. Inverse nanocomposites, where the ceramic content is larger than the polymer content, are a recent development. Due to their high ceramic content, they may offer the required properties for bone implants, currently not met by polymer nanocomposites with a small number of nanoparticles. This paper presents inverse nanocomposites composed of bioresorbable nano crystalline hydroxyapatite (HAP NPs) and polylactide (PLLA), produced by cryomilling and a warm isostatic pressing method. The following compositions were studied: 25%, 50%, and 75% of HAP NPs by volume. The mechanical properties and structure of these composites were examined. It was discovered that 50% volume content was optimal as far as compressive strength and porosity are concerned. The inverse nanocomposite with 50% nanoceramics volume displayed a compressive strength of 99 ± 4 MPa, a contact angle of 50°, and 25% porosity, which make this material a candidate for further studies as a bioresorbable bone implant. View Full-Text

Keywords: inverse composites; biomaterials; mechanical properties

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Pietrzykowska, E.; Romelczyk-Baishya, B.; Chodara, A.; Koltsov, I.; Smogór, H.; Mizeracki, J.; Pakieła, Z.; Łojkowski, W. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inverse Nanocomposite Made from Polylactide and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. Materials 2022, 15, 184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010184

AMA Style

Pietrzykowska E, Romelczyk-Baishya B, Chodara A, Koltsov I, Smogór H, Mizeracki J, Pakieła Z, Łojkowski W. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inverse Nanocomposite Made from Polylactide and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. Materials. 2022; 15(1):184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010184

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pietrzykowska, Elżbieta, Barbara Romelczyk-Baishya, Agnieszka Chodara, Iwona Koltsov, Hilary Smogór, Jan Mizeracki, Zbigniew Pakieła, and Witold Łojkowski. 2022. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inverse Nanocomposite Made from Polylactide and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles" Materials 15, no. 1: 184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010184

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Elżbieta Pietrzykowska

Elżbieta Pietrzykowska is a materials science engineer. She graduated from the Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology, Poland, specialising in materials design. She is about to complete her doctoral dissertation at the Faculty of Materials Science at Warsaw University of Technology. She currently works in the Nanostructures Laboratory of the Polish Academy of Science’s UNIPRESS Institute of High Pressure Physics, where she has been employed since 2011. The laboratory’s main focus is nanopowder synthesis and its practical application in medicine. She is Deputy Manager of the Accredited Laboratory and Laboratory Manager of DLS, LDE and NTA. She conducts research on the development of composites for biomedical applications. Her research focuses on obtaining and forming nanoceramics and composites, and their characterisation (structure, morphology, mechanical and biological properties). She is the author of 10 scientific publications and 5 patents.

Barbara Romelczyk-Baishya

Barbara Romelczyk-Baishya – she graduated in Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology. She also completed postgraduate studies for Project Management. In 2014 and 2017 she completed international research internships. MSc Romelczyk-Baishya is a member of mechanical properties laboratory. Her PhD thesis focus on small punch test methods for mechanical properties estimation. In her research she also focus on different mechanical properties method as tensile, compression, bending, fracture toughness estimated for nano- and biomaterials. Mechanical properties method she applies in with solid materials but also materials prepared by powder metallurgy or incremental methods. In her research she also utilizes Scanning Electron Microscopy. MSc Romelczyk-Baishya was a participant of few international and domestic project while one as a coordinator. She is co-author of 31 international publications with h-index of 8 (according to the Scopus database, August 2021).

Agnieszka Chodara

Graduaded (2015) in Chemical Technology at the Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology with a degree Master of Science. Since 2015, she has been responsible for conducting research on the hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and the characterisation of the nanopowder for biomedical applications. Since 2017, she has been Laboratory Manager of specific surface area and skeletal density measurement laboratory. Co-author of 10 scientific articles and 2 patens. He is currently a PhD student and laboratory manager of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (BET) surface studies and helium pycnometric density laboratory. More information on measurement methods in the service tab.

Iwona Koltsov

Iwona Koltsov (previously Malka) in 2007 she obtained M.Sci. Eng in Chemistry with scientific specialty Organic Technology and Catalysis (Warsaw University of Technology, Chemistry Department, Institute of Homogeneous Catalysis and Organometallic Chemistry). In 2013 she obtained Ph.D. in Material Science with scientific specialty in Functional Materials (Military University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and New Technologies; dissertation title: Study of the structure and properties of magnesium hydride with metal halide additives). In 2013 she also graduated with a Postgraduate Professional Management Qualification from Warsaw School of Economics, Department of Economy Management (dissertation title: Evaluation of strategic analysis of The Innovative Park Celestynów-Unipress Polish Academy of Science)

Hilary Smogór

Dr ing. Hilary Smogor holds M. Sci. Eng in Technical University in Poznań, department of Technical Physics - Research methods in physics and construction of scientific equipment, and Ph.D. in Institute of Molecular Physics Polish Academy of Sciences in Poznań work topic: "The Processes of Dielectric Relaxation in Thin Films of Ferroelectric Polymers Irradiated with Fast Electrons” - polymers relaxors, dielectrics relaxation, also in Post-doctoral position in Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - in Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux, FRANCE – member of laboratory: “Materials for Optics” - work topic: “Crystallization of niobium-oxide glasses and Raman properties of new systems telluride-oxide glasses”. Since 2011 – working for Netzsch Instrumenty Sp. z o.o. Poland on behalf of Netzsch-Gerätebau GmbH Germany like application and instruments specialist in general Thermal Analysis domain for scientific user support, new test measurements and trainings.

Jan Mizeracki

Janek Mizeracki is a specialist in SEM, EDS and DSC-TG with QMS and FTIR spectrometers.

Zbigniew Pakieła

Zbigniew Pakieła - professor at the Warsaw University of Technology. He has an expertise in the field of mechanical testing of materials and relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure of the materials. One of his major achievements is development of the unique testing method of mechanical properties employing miniaturized specimens and optical methods of strain measurement. He has led numerous research and development projects focused on fracture of metals and alloys and mechanical properties of different materials including metals, polymers and composites. His works has been cited about 1100 times, the Hirsh index = 16 (according to the Scopus database, August 2021).

Witold Łojkowski

Witold Lojkowski Head of the Nanostructures Laboratory in IHPP Specialization: high pressure nanotechnology and microwave. He graduated from the Faculty of Physics at the University of Warsaw (1975), doctor of technical sciences, Warsaw University of Technology (1980), habilitated doctor of engineering sciences, AGH University of Science and Technology (1994). He has many years of experience in works in international scientific committees, resulting in numerous international cooperation, among others. Member of MPNS Materials, Physics and Nanosciences COST Committee. Coordinator of the Polish Nanotechnology Platform and Warsaw Nanotechnology Network. Multiple coordinator of European projects with a total grant value of over 6 million Euro. Certified Project Manager, certified by the Ernst & Young Business Academy. Member of CLINAM - Clinical Nanomedicine Association Advisory Board Member of the European Materials Research Society and European Nanomedicine Platform. Co-author of more than 300 scientific articles, co-author of over a dozen Polish and foreign patents and patent applications. Quoted by Google Scholar over 3600 times, Index H 30.

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inverse Nanocomposite Made from Polylactide and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

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