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Materials
Volume 14
Issue 20
10.3390/ma14206004
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Article

Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash Mixed Functional Cementitious Materials: Shrinkage Compensation of f-CaO, Autoclaved Hydration Characteristics and Environmental Performance

by
Wei Zhang
1,2,
Xiaoming Liu
1,2,*,
Zengqi Zhang
1,2,*,
Yaguang Wang
2,
Yang Xue
2,
Xiansheng Hao
2 and
Yang Lu
2
1
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2021, 14(20), 6004; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14206004
Submission received: 31 August 2021 / Revised: 28 September 2021 / Accepted: 5 October 2021 / Published: 12 October 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current State of Coal Fly Ash Utilization: Characterization and Application)
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Abstract

Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) fly ash is a by-product from CFB power generation, which is hard to utilize in cement because it contains f-CaO and SO3. This work aims to explore the mechanism of the shrinkage compensation of free-CaO (f-CaO) and the autoclaved hydration characteristics and environmental performance of CFB fly ash mixed cementitious materials (CMM). In this work, long-term volume stability of CMM is improved with the addition of CFBFA. These findings suggest that the compressive strength of sample CMM0.5 is the highest under both standard condition (67.21 MPa) and autoclaved condition (89.56 MPa). Meanwhile, the expansion rate (0.0207%) of sample CMM0.5 is the lowest, which proves the shrinkage compensation effect of f-CaO in CFBFA. The main hydration products of CMM0.5 are Ca2SiO4•H2O (C-S-H) gel, CaAl2Si2O7(OH)2•H2O (C-A-S-H) gel and Ca(OH)2. In addition, the high polymerization degree of [Si(Al)O4] and the densified microstructure are presented at the sample CMM0.5. The leaching results indicates that the heavy metals in CMM0.5 satisfies the WHO standards for drinking water due to physical encapsulation and charge balance. Therefore, this investigation provides a novel method of using CFB fly ash in cement.
Keywords: circulating fluidized bed fly ash; shrinkage compensation of f-CaO; autoclaved hydration; volume stability; environmental performance circulating fluidized bed fly ash; shrinkage compensation of f-CaO; autoclaved hydration; volume stability; environmental performance
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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, W.; Liu, X.; Zhang, Z.; Wang, Y.; Xue, Y.; Hao, X.; Lu, Y. Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash Mixed Functional Cementitious Materials: Shrinkage Compensation of f-CaO, Autoclaved Hydration Characteristics and Environmental Performance. Materials 2021, 14, 6004. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14206004

AMA Style

Zhang W, Liu X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Xue Y, Hao X, Lu Y. Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash Mixed Functional Cementitious Materials: Shrinkage Compensation of f-CaO, Autoclaved Hydration Characteristics and Environmental Performance. Materials. 2021; 14(20):6004. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14206004

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Wei, Xiaoming Liu, Zengqi Zhang, Yaguang Wang, Yang Xue, Xiansheng Hao, and Yang Lu. 2021. "Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash Mixed Functional Cementitious Materials: Shrinkage Compensation of f-CaO, Autoclaved Hydration Characteristics and Environmental Performance" Materials 14, no. 20: 6004. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14206004

APA Style

Zhang, W., Liu, X., Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., Xue, Y., Hao, X., & Lu, Y. (2021). Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash Mixed Functional Cementitious Materials: Shrinkage Compensation of f-CaO, Autoclaved Hydration Characteristics and Environmental Performance. Materials, 14(20), 6004. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14206004

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