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Volume 14
Issue 16
10.3390/ma14164643
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Article

Effects of Mullite, Maghemite, and Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in β-Wollastonite on Tensile Strength, Magnetism, Bioactivity, and Antimicrobial Activity

by
Hamisah Ismail
1,2,
Farah ‘Atiqah Abdul Azam
1,
Zalita Zainuddin
1,
Hamidun Bunawan
3,
Muhamad Afiq Akbar
3,
Hasmaliza Mohamad
2 and
Muhammad Azmi Abdul Hamid
1,*
1
School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
2
School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
3
Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2021, 14(16), 4643; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164643
Submission received: 1 July 2021 / Revised: 8 August 2021 / Accepted: 13 August 2021 / Published: 18 August 2021
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Abstract

β-wollastonite (βW) has sparked much interest in bone defect recovery and regeneration. Biomaterial-associated infections and reactions between implants with human cells have become a standard clinical concern. In this study, a green synthesized βW, synthesized from rice husk ash and a calcined limestone precursor, was incorporated with mullite, maghemite, and silver to produce β wollastonite composite (βWMAF) to enhance the tensile strength and antibacterial properties. The addition of mullite to the βWMAF increased the tensile strength compared to βW. In vitro bioactivity, antibacterial efficacy, and physicochemical properties of the β-wollastonite and βWMAF were characterized. βW and βWMAF samples formed apatite spherules when immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 1 day. In conclusion, βWMAF, according to the tensile strength, bioactivity, and antibacterial activity, was observed in this research and appropriate for the reconstruction of cancellous bone defects.
Keywords: β-wollastonite; mullite; maghemite; silver; bioactivity β-wollastonite; mullite; maghemite; silver; bioactivity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ismail, H.; Azam, F.‘A.A.; Zainuddin, Z.; Bunawan, H.; Akbar, M.A.; Mohamad, H.; Hamid, M.A.A. Effects of Mullite, Maghemite, and Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in β-Wollastonite on Tensile Strength, Magnetism, Bioactivity, and Antimicrobial Activity. Materials 2021, 14, 4643. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164643

AMA Style

Ismail H, Azam F‘AA, Zainuddin Z, Bunawan H, Akbar MA, Mohamad H, Hamid MAA. Effects of Mullite, Maghemite, and Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in β-Wollastonite on Tensile Strength, Magnetism, Bioactivity, and Antimicrobial Activity. Materials. 2021; 14(16):4643. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164643

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ismail, Hamisah, Farah ‘Atiqah Abdul Azam, Zalita Zainuddin, Hamidun Bunawan, Muhamad Afiq Akbar, Hasmaliza Mohamad, and Muhammad Azmi Abdul Hamid. 2021. "Effects of Mullite, Maghemite, and Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in β-Wollastonite on Tensile Strength, Magnetism, Bioactivity, and Antimicrobial Activity" Materials 14, no. 16: 4643. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164643

APA Style

Ismail, H., Azam, F. ‘A. A., Zainuddin, Z., Bunawan, H., Akbar, M. A., Mohamad, H., & Hamid, M. A. A. (2021). Effects of Mullite, Maghemite, and Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in β-Wollastonite on Tensile Strength, Magnetism, Bioactivity, and Antimicrobial Activity. Materials, 14(16), 4643. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164643

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