Application of Concretes Made with Glass Powder Binder at High Replacement Rates
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.1.1. Aggregates
2.1.2. Cement
2.2. Sample Preparation
2.3. Characterization Tests
- Consistency test
- 2.
- Air content
- 3.
- Apparent density
- 4.
- Workability
- 5.
- Permeability test
2.4. Slab Manufacturing
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Results of the Characterization of Concrete
3.2. Mechanical Properties of Concrete
3.3. Results of Permeability Tests
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Glass Powder Used | ||
---|---|---|
d10 | d50 | d90 |
20 ± 0.01 µm | 21 ± 1 µm | 76 ± 3 µm |
Sample ID | |||
---|---|---|---|
Concrete Composition | G70 | G80 | Control |
Cement substitution rate for glass powder (%) | 70 | 80 | 0 |
Cement CEM I 52,5 R (kg/m3) | 99 | 66 | 330 |
Glass powder (kg/m3) | 231 | 264 | 0 |
Equivalent binder (kg/m3) | 330 | ||
w/c ratio (%) | 0.52 | ||
Arid < 4 mm | 740 | ||
Gravel 4–12 mm | 310 | ||
Gravel 12–20 mm | 850 |
G70 | G80 | Control | |
---|---|---|---|
Consistency (mm) | 0 | 0 | 11 |
Air content (%) | 7.1 | 7.1 | 2.8 |
Apparent density (kg/m3) | 2098 | 2051 | 2390 |
Workability (easy/difficult) | Difficult | Easy enough | Easy |
Days | Compressive Strength (MPa) | Control | |
---|---|---|---|
G70 | G80 | 0 | |
7 | 5.6 | 1.5 | 29.9 |
28 | 10.0 | 3.7 | 34.5 |
90 | 14.2 | 8.6 | 39.6 |
Element | Experimental Value (ppm) | Results Obtained by Mas et al. [16] (ppm) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Na | 97 ± 3 | 100 ± 3 | 9.46 | 1.35 |
Si | 45 ± 3 | 47 ± 4 | 13.11 | 0.65 |
K | 31 ± 2 | 32 ± 2 | 3.71 | 0.70 |
Ca | 3.2 ± 0.3 | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 0.17 | 0.15 |
Al | 1.36 ± 0.09 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 0.02 | 1.28 |
B | 0.30 ±0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.05 | 0.002 | 1.63 |
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Más-López, M.I.; García del Toro, E.M.; García-Salgado, S.; Alcala-Gonzalez, D.; Pindado, S. Application of Concretes Made with Glass Powder Binder at High Replacement Rates. Materials 2021, 14, 3796. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143796
Más-López MI, García del Toro EM, García-Salgado S, Alcala-Gonzalez D, Pindado S. Application of Concretes Made with Glass Powder Binder at High Replacement Rates. Materials. 2021; 14(14):3796. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143796
Chicago/Turabian StyleMás-López, M. Isabel, Eva M. García del Toro, Sara García-Salgado, Daniel Alcala-Gonzalez, and Santiago Pindado. 2021. "Application of Concretes Made with Glass Powder Binder at High Replacement Rates" Materials 14, no. 14: 3796. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143796