Bio-Based Polyurethane Composites and Hybrid Composites Containing a New Type of Bio-Polyol and Addition of Natural and Synthetic Fibers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of Bio-Based Polyols
2.3. Preparation of Polyurethane Composites and Hybrids
2.4. Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Properties of Fibers, Cellulose, and Obtained Polyols
3.2. Properties of Obtained Matrix, Composites, and Hybrids
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Content of Fiber | |
---|---|---|
Glass Fiber | Sisal Fiber | |
Matrix | × | × |
5%GF | 5% | × |
15%GF | 15% | × |
5%SISAL | × | 5% |
15%SISAL | × | 15% |
5%GF10%SISAL | 5% | 10% |
7.5%GF7.5%SISAL | 7.5% | 7.5% |
10%GF5%SISAL | 10% | 5% |
Sample | Flexural Strength (MPa) | Deformation (%) | Impact Strength (kJ/m2) | Hardness (Shore D) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Matrix | 16.41 ± 0.51 | 12.62 ± 1.12 | 0.135 ± 0.004 | 56.6 ± 2.2 |
5%GF | 21.93 ± 0.48 | 8.66 ± 0.78 | 0.169 ± 0.008 | 68.4 ± 2.1 |
15%GF | 24.43 ± 0.71 | 8.9 ± 0.81 | 1.452 ± 0.051 | 70.8 ± 1.1 |
5%SISAL | 23.80 ± 0.47 | 6.51 ± 0.63 | 0.240 ± 0.028 | 75.1 ± 1.8 |
15%SISAL | 25.72 ± 0.53 | 5.27 ± 0.59 | 0.914 ± 0.128 | 73.9 ± 1.8 |
5%GF10%SISAL | 34.97 ± 1.03 | 5.63 ± 0.43 | 1.074 ± 0.110 | 75.6 ± 1.5 |
7.5%GF7.5%SISAL | 37.36 ± 1.13 | 5.05 ± 0.39 | 1.435 ± 0.073 | 75.7 ± 1.1 |
10%GF5%SISAL | 43.04 ± 1.42 | 4.52 ± 0.47 | 1.699 ± 0.121 | 79.5 ± 1.6 |
Sample | E’20°C (MPa) | E’60°C (MPa) | E’100°C (MPa) | Soft Segments Tg (°C) | Hard Segments Tg (°C) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Matrix | 584 | 141 | 76 | −44.51 | 36.10 |
5%GF | 1597 | 512 | 71 | −45.21 | 46.27 |
15%GF | 2369 | 809 | 138 | −45.10 | 48.89 |
5%SISAL | 1728 | 588 | 164 | −44.82 | 45.46 |
15%SISAL | 1583 | 731 | 329 | −48.53 | 50.23 |
5%GF10%SISAL | 1767 | 1358 | 362 | −48.42 | 76.00 |
7.5%GF7.5%SISAL | 1967 | 1290 | 307 | −48.92 | 71.34 |
10%GF5%SISAL | 2222 | 1700 | 569 | −46.54 | 76.32 |
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Olszewski, A.; Kosmela, P.; Mielewczyk-Gryń, A.; Piszczyk, Ł. Bio-Based Polyurethane Composites and Hybrid Composites Containing a New Type of Bio-Polyol and Addition of Natural and Synthetic Fibers. Materials 2020, 13, 2028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092028
Olszewski A, Kosmela P, Mielewczyk-Gryń A, Piszczyk Ł. Bio-Based Polyurethane Composites and Hybrid Composites Containing a New Type of Bio-Polyol and Addition of Natural and Synthetic Fibers. Materials. 2020; 13(9):2028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092028
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlszewski, Adam, Paulina Kosmela, Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryń, and Łukasz Piszczyk. 2020. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Composites and Hybrid Composites Containing a New Type of Bio-Polyol and Addition of Natural and Synthetic Fibers" Materials 13, no. 9: 2028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092028