Experimentation and Predictive Models for Properties of Concrete Added with Active and Inactive SiO2 Fillers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials
2.1. Cementitious Materials
2.2. Fine and Coarse Aggregates
2.3. Chemical Admixtures
3. Mix Preparations and Test Setup
3.1. Mix Properties and Preparations
3.2. Experimental Method
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Effect of Cement Replacement on the Properties of Concrete at 28 Days
4.2. Age Effect on the Compressive Strength of Concrete
4.3. Rapid Chloride Ion Penetrability of Concrete
4.4. Porosity
4.5. Relationship between RCPT and Porosity
5. Predictive Models
5.1. Predictive Model of Compressive Strength for Different Water-to-Cement Ratios
5.2. Predictive Models for RCPT and Porosity Based on Compressive Strength
6. Conclusions
- ➢
- Maximum increase of 12% in compressive strength with 12% partial replacement of silica fume was observed, whereas partial replacement of cement with 35% dosage of ultrafines showed about a 28% decrease in compressive strength. This decrease in the compressive strength was attributed to a non-pozzolanic activity of inactive ultrafine filler. However, partial replacement of cement with ultrafine up to 8% showed around a 5% increase in compressive strength.
- ➢
- All the mixtures with silica fume and ultrafines have produced higher compressive strength than given by Abram’s predictive model, and the increase in compressive strength with partial replacement of silica fume and ultrafine was 63% and 38%, respectively, as compared to Abram’s predictive equation.
- ➢
- The partial replacement of 8% of silica fume has yielded the RCPT value to a very low limit and low porosity for all water-to-cement ratios. However, the partial replacement with 8% of ultrafines has yielded RCPT to a very low limit at a water-to-cement ratio of 0.3, but at a replacement level of 15% ultrafines. Concrete mixture with all water-to-cement ratios yielded a very low limit of RCPT value.
- ➢
- The relationships for RCPT and porosity of all mixtures was attained which suggested that there is strong correlation between porosity and RCPT for both ultrafines and silica fume, as expected.
- ➢
- Predictive models have been proposed for RCPT and porosity by compressive strength with consideration of dosage of replacements of ultrafines and silica fume using experimental data.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Oxide Composition (%) | Ordinary Portland Cement | Silica Fume (S) | Ultrafine (C) |
---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | 20.2 | 93.2 | 99.5 |
Al2O3 | 5.49 | 0.2 | 0.20 |
Fe2O3 | 4.12 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
CaO | 65.43 | 0.72 | 0.01 |
MgO | 0.71 | 0.14 | - |
Na2Oeq | 0.26 | 0.07 | - |
SO3 | 2.61 | <0.01 | - |
Loss on ignition (%) | 1.38 | 5.4 | - |
Specific gravity | 3.14 | 2.27 | - |
Fineness (m2/kg) | 373 | 19,000 | 16,500 |
Properties/Material | Specific Gravity | Absorption (%) | Unit Weight (kg/m3) |
---|---|---|---|
White Sand | 2.63 | 0.77 | 1725 |
Crushed Sand | 2.68 | 1.52 | 1552 |
Coarse Aggregate (10 mm) | 2.65 | 1.45 | 1570 |
Mix | Ultrafine Content | Water to Cement Ratio | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SF (%) | UF (%) | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0.40 | |||||
Cement Kg/m3 | Slump (mm) | Cement Kg/m3 | Slump (mm) | Cement Kg/m3 | Slump (mm) | Cement Kg/m3 | Slump (mm) | |||
Control | 0 | 0 | 550 | 185 | 500 | 190 | 450 | 200 | 400 | 150 |
S8 | 8 | 0 | 506 | 202 | 460 | 180 | 414 | 165 | 368 | 185 |
S10 | 10 | 0 | 495 | 175 | 450 | 170 | 405 | 200 | 360 | 160 |
S12 | 12 | 0 | 484 | 190 | 440 | 160 | 396 | 158 | 352 | 170 |
C5 | 0 | 5 | 522.5 | 171 | 475 | 184 | 422.5 | 194 | 380 | 182 |
C8 | 0 | 8 | 506 | 175 | 460 | 192 | 414 | 202 | 368 | 201 |
C10 | 0 | 10 | 495 | 198 | 450 | 179 | 405 | 191 | 360 | 184 |
C15 | 0 | 15 | 467.5 | 200 | 425 | 155 | 382.5 | 195 | 340 | 160 |
C25 | 0 | 25 | 412.5 | 200 | 375 | 180 | 337.5 | 185 | 300 | 180 |
C35 | 0 | 35 | 357.5 | 205 | 325 | 210 | 292.5 | 155 | 260 | 185 |
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Abbass, W.; Khan, M.I.; Mourad, S. Experimentation and Predictive Models for Properties of Concrete Added with Active and Inactive SiO2 Fillers. Materials 2019, 12, 299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12020299
Abbass W, Khan MI, Mourad S. Experimentation and Predictive Models for Properties of Concrete Added with Active and Inactive SiO2 Fillers. Materials. 2019; 12(2):299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12020299
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbass, Wasim, Mohammad Iqbal Khan, and Shehab Mourad. 2019. "Experimentation and Predictive Models for Properties of Concrete Added with Active and Inactive SiO2 Fillers" Materials 12, no. 2: 299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12020299
APA StyleAbbass, W., Khan, M. I., & Mourad, S. (2019). Experimentation and Predictive Models for Properties of Concrete Added with Active and Inactive SiO2 Fillers. Materials, 12(2), 299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12020299