Effect of Thermomechanical Treatments on the Phases, Microstructure, Microhardness and Young’s Modulus of Ti-25Ta-Zr Alloys
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Phase Identification
3.2. Mechanical Characterization
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- X-ray diffraction and microscopy reveal that the crystalline structure of the alloys was sensitive to the addition of zirconium and sensitive to thermomechanical treatments.
- The zirconium acted as a β-stabilizing element combined with tantalum in Ti-25Ta-xZr alloys.
- Alloys subjected to a slow-cooling annealing heat treatment have the α phase in the crystalline structure.
- The alloys subjected to a fast-cooling annealing heat treatment have the α” phase, can retain the β phase with high zirconium content and rapid cooling precipitates the omega phase, but high levels of zirconium suppress this phase.
- Hardness increased due to solid solution hardening and due to ω phase and α-phase precipitation in alloys subjected to slow-cooling annealing heat treatment.
- The Young’s modulus decreases with high levels of zirconium due to the stabilization of the β phase.
- The thermomechanical process and heat treatment with rapid cooling retain the β phase, improving mechanical biocompatibility with the decreasing of the elastic modulus values of the materials down to E = 60 GPa for Ti-25Ta-40Zr alloy.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kuroda, P.A.B.; Quadros, F.d.F.; Araújo, R.O.d.; Afonso, C.R.M.; Grandini, C.R. Effect of Thermomechanical Treatments on the Phases, Microstructure, Microhardness and Young’s Modulus of Ti-25Ta-Zr Alloys. Materials 2019, 12, 3210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193210
Kuroda PAB, Quadros FdF, Araújo ROd, Afonso CRM, Grandini CR. Effect of Thermomechanical Treatments on the Phases, Microstructure, Microhardness and Young’s Modulus of Ti-25Ta-Zr Alloys. Materials. 2019; 12(19):3210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193210
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuroda, Pedro Akira Bazaglia, Fernanda de Freitas Quadros, Raul Oliveira de Araújo, Conrado Ramos Moreira Afonso, and Carlos Roberto Grandini. 2019. "Effect of Thermomechanical Treatments on the Phases, Microstructure, Microhardness and Young’s Modulus of Ti-25Ta-Zr Alloys" Materials 12, no. 19: 3210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193210