Simulation of Laser Heating of Aluminum and Model Validation via Two-Color Pyrometer and Shape Assessment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Thermal Modeling
2.1.1. Heat Equations
2.1.2. Heat Source
2.1.3. Material Properties
2.1.4. Virtual Specimen and Meshing
2.2. Experimental Procedure
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Local Thermal Cycle
3.2. Geometry of the Fusion Zone
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Speed (mm/s) | Power (W) | Scanning length (mm) |
---|---|---|
4 | 2000 | 40 |
4 | 2500 | 40 |
4 | 3000 | 40 |
6 | 2000 | 60 |
6 | 2500 | 60 |
6 | 3000 | 60 |
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Maximum output power (kW) | 4.0 |
Operating nominal wavelength (nm) | 1030 |
Beam Parameter Product (mm × mrad) | 8.0 |
M2 quality factor | 24.3 |
Core diameter of the delivering fiber (µm) | 300 |
Spot size of the laser beam on the surface (mm) | 3.0 |
Speed (mm/s) | Power (W) | Tp (K) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Actual | Simulated | Difference | ||
4 | 2000 | 803 | 815 | 1.5% |
4 | 2500 | 848 | 828 | −2.4% |
4 | 3000 | overflow | 990 | n/a |
6 | 2000 | underflow | 543 | n/a |
6 | 2500 | 753 | 728 | −3.3% |
6 | 3000 | 851 | 821 | −3.5% |
Speed (mm/s) | Power (W) | Depth of Fusion (mm) | Width of Fusion (mm) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Actual | Simulated | Difference | Actual | Simulated | Difference | ||
4 | 2000 | 1.55 | 1.42 | −8.3% | 5.17 | 4.22 | −18.4% |
4 | 2500 | 1.71 | 1.72 | 2.8% | 5.45 | 4.53 | −16.9% |
4 | 3000 | 2.11 | 2.19 | 1.1% | 6.81 | 5.55 | −18.5% |
6 | 2000 | 1.06 | 1.09 | 3.3% | 4.06 | 3.57 | −12.1% |
6 | 2500 | 1.55 | 1.60 | 4.2% | 5.13 | 4.38 | −14.6% |
6 | 3000 | 1.95 | 2.00 | 2.6% | 6.21 | 5.10 | −17.9% |
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Caiazzo, F.; Alfieri, V. Simulation of Laser Heating of Aluminum and Model Validation via Two-Color Pyrometer and Shape Assessment. Materials 2018, 11, 1506. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091506
Caiazzo F, Alfieri V. Simulation of Laser Heating of Aluminum and Model Validation via Two-Color Pyrometer and Shape Assessment. Materials. 2018; 11(9):1506. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091506
Chicago/Turabian StyleCaiazzo, Fabrizia, and Vittorio Alfieri. 2018. "Simulation of Laser Heating of Aluminum and Model Validation via Two-Color Pyrometer and Shape Assessment" Materials 11, no. 9: 1506. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091506