Online Structural-Health Monitoring of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics Using Different Carbon Allotropes in the Interphase
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials and Processing
Glass Fiber Spinning and Interface Modification
2.2. Filler Dispersion Characterization
2.3. Filler Dispersion Characterization
2.4. GF-Composite Preparation
2.5. Electro-Mechanical Response during 3-Point Bending Test
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Filler Dispersion Preparation
3.2. Electrical Properties
3.3. Interphase Modification
3.4. Electro-Mechanical Response Behaviour
4. Summary and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material as Named by the Producer/Producer | Morphology | Average Particle Size d50 [µm] | Thickness/Diameter | Electrical Conductivity [S∙cm−1] | Specific Surface [m2∙g−1] | Bulk Density [kg∙m−3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nanocyl™ NC7000 (CNT) Nanocyl S.A. | fiber | >675 [24] | Ø 9.5 nm [25] | 15 [26] *2 | 250–300 [25] | 66 [24] |
EXG 98 300 (GNP) Graphit Kropfmühl | lamellar | 305 *3 | - | 3 [26] *2 | >300 [27] | 1 *1 |
Printex XE2B (CB) Orion Engineered Carbons | spherical | 60 *3 | Ø 30–35 nm [28] | 20 [26] *2 | 1000 [28] | 100–400 [28] |
Sample | Strain [%] Compression | Strain [%] Shear | Strain [%] Tension |
---|---|---|---|
CNT (2.7 wt. %) | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 0.63 ± 0.1 | 0.07 ± 0.002 |
GNP (4 wt. %) | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.48 ± 0.2 | 0.14 ± 0.06 |
CB (9 wt. %) | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01 |
Sample | Gauge Factor Compression | Gauge Factor Shear | Gauge Factor Tension |
---|---|---|---|
CNT (2.7 wt. %) | −40 ± 1 | 20 ± 1 | 120 ± 2 |
GNP (4 wt. %) | −130 ± 2 | 120 ± 11 | 900 ± 18 |
CB (9 wt. %) | −130 ± 1 | 20 ± 1 | 290 ± 4 |
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Müller, M.T.; Pötzsch, H.F.; Gohs, U.; Heinrich, G. Online Structural-Health Monitoring of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics Using Different Carbon Allotropes in the Interphase. Materials 2018, 11, 1075. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11071075
Müller MT, Pötzsch HF, Gohs U, Heinrich G. Online Structural-Health Monitoring of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics Using Different Carbon Allotropes in the Interphase. Materials. 2018; 11(7):1075. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11071075
Chicago/Turabian StyleMüller, Michael Thomas, Hendrik Florian Pötzsch, Uwe Gohs, and Gert Heinrich. 2018. "Online Structural-Health Monitoring of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics Using Different Carbon Allotropes in the Interphase" Materials 11, no. 7: 1075. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11071075