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Volume 10
Issue 9
10.3390/ma10091021
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Article

Photoswitchable Fluorescent Diarylethene Derivatives with Thiophene 1,1-Dioxide Groups: Effect of Alkyl Substituents at the Reactive Carbons

by
Masakazu Morimoto
*,
Takaki Sumi
and
Masahiro Irie
*
Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2017, 10(9), 1021; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10091021
Received: 30 July 2017 / Revised: 21 August 2017 / Accepted: 26 August 2017 / Published: 2 September 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photoswitchable Materials)
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Abstract

Photoswitching and fluorescent properties of sulfone derivatives of 1,2-bis(2-alkyl-4-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene, 1–5, having methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, and i-butyl substituents at the reactive carbons (2- and 2′-positions) of the thiophene 1,1-dioxide rings were studied. Diarylethenes 1–5 underwent isomerization reactions between open-ring and closed-ring forms upon alternate irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) and visible light and showed fluorescence in the closed-ring forms. The alkyl substitution at the reactive carbons affects the fluorescent property of the closed-ring isomers. The closed-ring isomers 2b–5b with ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, and i-butyl substituents show higher fluorescence quantum yields than 1b with methyl substituents. In polar solvents, the fluorescence quantum yield of 1b markedly decreases, while 2b–5b maintain the relatively high fluorescence quantum yields. Although the cycloreversion quantum yields of the derivatives with methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and i-propyl substituents are quite low and in the order of 10−5, introduction of i-butyl substituents was found to increase the yield up to the order of 10−3. These results indicate that appropriate alkyl substitution at the reactive carbons is indispensable for properly controlling the photoswitching and fluorescent properties of the photoswitchable fluorescent diarylethenes, which are potentially applicable to super-resolution fluorescence microscopies. View Full-Text
Keywords: photoswitch; diarylethene; photochromism; fluorescence; super-resolution fluorescence microscopy photoswitch; diarylethene; photochromism; fluorescence; super-resolution fluorescence microscopy
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MDPI and ACS Style

Morimoto, M.; Sumi, T.; Irie, M. Photoswitchable Fluorescent Diarylethene Derivatives with Thiophene 1,1-Dioxide Groups: Effect of Alkyl Substituents at the Reactive Carbons. Materials 2017, 10, 1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10091021

AMA Style

Morimoto M, Sumi T, Irie M. Photoswitchable Fluorescent Diarylethene Derivatives with Thiophene 1,1-Dioxide Groups: Effect of Alkyl Substituents at the Reactive Carbons. Materials. 2017; 10(9):1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10091021

Chicago/Turabian Style

Morimoto, Masakazu, Takaki Sumi, and Masahiro Irie. 2017. "Photoswitchable Fluorescent Diarylethene Derivatives with Thiophene 1,1-Dioxide Groups: Effect of Alkyl Substituents at the Reactive Carbons" Materials 10, no. 9: 1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10091021

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