Implementation of Single Phase Soft Switched PFC Converter for Plug-in-Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Review of Existing ac-dc PFC Boost Topologies
3. Circuit Structure of Proposed PFC Converter
3.1. Operating Principle
- All the semiconductor devices used in the proposed converter are ideal.
- Reverse recovery of the boost converter diode is considered and taken into account.
- The output capacitor C0 is assumed to be large to produce a constant output voltage.
- The main inductor Lm is much greater than snubber inductor Ls to have a constant input current.
3.1.1. Mode 1 (t0 < t < t1)
3.1.2. Mode 2 (t1 < t < t2)
3.1.3. Mode 3 (t2 < t < t3)
3.1.4. Mode 4 (t3 < t < t4)
3.1.5. Mode 5 (t4 < t < t5)
3.1.6. Mode 6 (t5 < t < t6)
4. Design of Proposed LCD Snubber
4.1. Main Inductor Lm
4.2. Resonant Inductor LS
4.3. Resonant Capacitors C1 and C2
5. Experimental Results and Discussions
Component | Company | ac-dc PFC Converter with Proposed Passive Snubber |
---|---|---|
Lm | JIME | 200 µH |
C0 | nichicon | 90 µF |
LS | - | 70 µH |
C1 | Jb | 4.3 nF |
C2 | nichicon | 2.5 µF |
Rectifier Diode | MULTICOMP | 1N5408 (Vrrm = 1000V, If(max) = 1 A) |
MOSFET | FAIRCHILD | IRF840 N-Channel Power MOSFETs, 8A, 450 V/500 V |
High Frequency Diode | MIC | BA157 (Vrrm = 400V, Iavg = 1 A) |
Transformer | JIME | Ferrite Core |
Input Inductor | JIME | Ferrite Core |
PIC Controller Chip | MICROCHIP | 16F877A |
Optocoupler IsolationChip | Fairchild semiconductor | MCT2E |
Circuit Type | Switching Features | Components Count | Power Factor | Efficiency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Conventional Boost PFC | Hard Switching | No extra Component | 0.9641 | 91.18 |
Boost PFC Passive snubber [33] | S—ZCS turn ON and ZVS turn OFF | 2 inductor | 0.98 | 95 |
1 Diode | ||||
1 capacitor | ||||
Boost PFC Passive snubber [34] | S—ZCS turn ON and turn OFF | 2 inductor | 0.9897 | 95.3 |
2 Diode | ||||
1 capacitor | ||||
Boost PFC Converter with proposed passive snubber | S—ZCS turn ON and ZVS turn OFF | 2 inductor | 0.9897 | 97 |
2 Diode | ||||
1 capacitor |
6. Conclusions
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
d | Switching duty cycle for the proposed converter. |
D | Diode. |
C | Capacitance (F). |
t | Time (s). |
tr | Rise time of the switch current (s). |
tf | Fall time of the switch current (s). |
Ton | On-time of the main switch (s). |
R | Resistance of load resistor (Ω). |
LS | Inductance of the snubber inductor of the passive circuit (H). |
fs | Switching frequency (Hz). |
S | Main switch. |
Lm | Inductance of main inductor (H). |
Df | Output diode of the boost converter. |
C0 | Capacitance of output capacitor of the boost converter (F). |
Cp | Parasitic capacitance of the switch (F). |
Vin | Input ac voltage of the source (V). |
Vdc | Input dc voltage of the boost converter (V). |
V0 | Output dc voltage of the ac-dc boost PFC converter (V). |
VC1 | Instantaneous voltage across the snubber capacitor C1 (V). |
VC2 | Instantaneous voltage across the snubber capacitor C2 (V). |
Vg | Gate to source voltage of the main switch S (V). |
VLm | Instantaneous voltage across the main inductor Lm (V). |
VLs | Instantaneous voltage across the snubber inductor Ls (V). |
VDf | Instantaneous voltage of the output diode Df (V). |
VS | Instantaneous voltage across the main switch S (V). |
Ii | Input ac current of the single phase ac source (A). |
I0 | Output dc current of the ac-dc boost PFC converter (A). |
ILm | Instantaneous current of the main inductor Lm (A). |
ILs | Instantaneous current of the snubber inductor Ls (A). |
IDf | Instantaneous current of the output diode Df (A). |
ID1 | Instantaneous current of the snubber diode D1 (A). |
ID2 | Instantaneous current of the snubber diode D2 (A). |
IS | Instantaneous current of the main switch S (A). |
∆IL | Current ripple of the main inductor Lm (A). |
Po | Output power of the ac-dc boost PFC converter (W). |
ωr | Resonant angular frequency (rad/sec). |
List of Acronyms | |
PFC | Power Factor Correction |
ac | alternating current |
dc | direct current |
ac-dc | alternating current to direct current |
ZCS | Zero Current Switching |
ZVS | Zero Voltage Switching |
ZC-ZVS | Zero Current- Zero Voltage Switching |
MOSFET | Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor |
EMI | Electro Magnetic Interference |
RCD | Circuit composed of a resistor R, a capacitor C and a diode D |
PEV | Plug-in-Electric Vehicle |
PHEV | Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle |
EV | Electric Vehicle |
THD | Total Harmonic Distortion |
RM | Ripple Mirror |
CCM | Continuous Conduction Mode |
LCD | Circuit composed of an inductor L, a capacitor C and a diode D |
BEV | Battery Electric Vehicle |
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Sekar, A.; Raghavan, D. Implementation of Single Phase Soft Switched PFC Converter for Plug-in-Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Energies 2015, 8, 13096-13111. https://doi.org/10.3390/en81112359
Sekar A, Raghavan D. Implementation of Single Phase Soft Switched PFC Converter for Plug-in-Hybrid Electric Vehicles. Energies. 2015; 8(11):13096-13111. https://doi.org/10.3390/en81112359
Chicago/Turabian StyleSekar, Aiswariya, and Dhanasekaran Raghavan. 2015. "Implementation of Single Phase Soft Switched PFC Converter for Plug-in-Hybrid Electric Vehicles" Energies 8, no. 11: 13096-13111. https://doi.org/10.3390/en81112359