Seasonal Variation of Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata Grown in Outdoor Large-Scale Photobioreactors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Total Lipids (TL)
2.2. Neutral Lipid Classes
2.3. Fatty Acid (FA) Profile
FA | 13-Jun-08 | 27-Jun-08 | 11-Jul-08 | 25-Jul-08 | 1-Aug-08 | 12-Sep-08 | 26-Sep-08 | 10-Oct-08 | 24-Oct-08 |
C14:0 | 6.9 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7 |
C15:0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
C16:0 | 33.2 | 32.1 | 30.3 | 33.3 | 33.2 | 31.7 | 32 | 31.4 | 31.7 |
C16:1 ω7 | 20.8 | 6.1 | 2.4 | 28.1 | 28.9 | 25.1 | 28 | 31.4 | 32 |
C16:2 ω4 | 2.1 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.6 | - |
C16:3 ω4 | 1.4 | 4.4 | 6.7 | - | - | 0.5 | - | - | - |
C18:0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
C18:1 ω9 | 5.3 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.7 |
C18:1 ω7 | 0.7 | 1 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
C18:2 ω6 | 8.4 | 24 | 24.8 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.5 |
C18:3 ω4 | - | - | - | - | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.6 | - | - |
C18:3 ω3 | 3.9 | 11.9 | 16.3 | 0.4 | 16.3 | 1.7 | - | - | - |
C20:4 ω6 | 3.7 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.6 |
C20:5 ω3 | 11.1 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 14.2 | 14.7 | 14.4 | 15.1 | 13.3 | 14.7 |
C22:3 ω3 | - | 0.6 | 0.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
FA | 7-Nov-08 | 28-Nov-08 | 5-Dec-08 | 30-Dec-08 | 30-Jan-09 | 6-Feb-09 | 27-Feb-09 | 6-Mar-09 | 15-May-09 |
C14:0 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 6.5 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 7 |
C15:0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
C16:0 | 31 | 29.4 | 26.9 | 25.1 | 27.3 | 27.9 | 28.1 | 28.9 | 35.8 |
C16:1 ω7 | 28.9 | 28.4 | 28.1 | 24.1 | 24.9 | 23.1 | 18.9 | 23.8 | 27.2 |
C16:2 ω4 | 0.8 | - | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.1 | - |
C16:3 ω4 | - | - | 1.1 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 3 | 4.2 | 1.7 | - |
C18:0 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 |
C18:1 ω9 | 8.9 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 6 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 4.5 |
C18:1 ω7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
C18:2 ω6 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 4.8 | 7.8 | 5.9 | 7.4 | 12.1 | 7.3 | 2.9 |
C18:3 ω4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
C18:3 ω3 | - | 1.1 | 2.6 | 5.6 | 3.2 | 6.7 | 10.5 | 4.2 | - |
C20:4 ω6 | 5 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 |
C20:5 ω3 | 13.1 | 16.4 | 14.5 | 15.8 | 15.6 | 13.4 | 10 | 15.3 | 15.6 |
C22:3 ω3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
3. Experimental Section
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
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Olofsson, M.; Lamela, T.; Nilsson, E.; Bergé, J.P.; Del Pino, V.; Uronen, P.; Legrand, C. Seasonal Variation of Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata Grown in Outdoor Large-Scale Photobioreactors. Energies 2012, 5, 1577-1592. https://doi.org/10.3390/en5051577
Olofsson M, Lamela T, Nilsson E, Bergé JP, Del Pino V, Uronen P, Legrand C. Seasonal Variation of Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata Grown in Outdoor Large-Scale Photobioreactors. Energies. 2012; 5(5):1577-1592. https://doi.org/10.3390/en5051577
Chicago/Turabian StyleOlofsson, Martin, Teresa Lamela, Emmelie Nilsson, Jean Pascal Bergé, Victória Del Pino, Pauliina Uronen, and Catherine Legrand. 2012. "Seasonal Variation of Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata Grown in Outdoor Large-Scale Photobioreactors" Energies 5, no. 5: 1577-1592. https://doi.org/10.3390/en5051577