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Open AccessArticle
A Study on Excitation Inrush Current and Overvoltage Mitigation Strategies Utilizing Phase Selection Control
by
Junting Yan
Junting Yan
Qingfeng Wang
Qingfeng Wang
Jianqiong Zhang
Jianqiong Zhang
Jianqiong Zhang is a professor and director of the Department of Electronic Information, School of a [...]
Jianqiong Zhang is a professor and director of the Department of Electronic Information, School of Physics, Southwest Jiaotong University. He obtained a Master's and a Ph.D. in Electromagnetic Fields and Microwave Technology from Southwest Jiaotong University in 2005 and 2007, respectively. He has long been engaged in research on the electromagnetic environment and electromagnetic compatibility technology in the fields of high-power microwave and rail transit. He has made breakthroughs and mastered key technologies for electromagnetic compatibility of high-power microwave transmission systems in complex electromagnetic environments. He has applied the research results on electromagnetic compatibility of high-power microwave systems in national defence research to the electromagnetic environment and electromagnetic compatibility of rail transit. He has a strong research foundation and experience in basic theory, simulation calculation, and testing and evaluation. His research results have been published in more than 40 academic papers in mainstream academic journals and conferences at home and abroad, including more than 20 papers indexed by EI and SCI. He has obtained more than 20 national invention patents for key technologies. He is a member of IEEE member and a senior member of the Chinese Institute of Electronics.
and
Xiangqiang Li
Xiangqiang Li
Xiangqiang Li is currently serving as Vice Dean of the School of Physical Science and Technology at [...]
Xiangqiang Li is currently serving as Vice Dean of the School of Physical Science and Technology at Southwest Jiaotong University. He obtained his Bachelor of Engineering degree from Southwest Jiaotong University between September 1999 and July 2003. From July 2001 to July 2003, he pursued advanced studies at École Centrale de Nantes, France, where he earned a Master of Engineering degree. Subsequently, he continued his doctoral studies at Southwest Jiaotong University from September 2003 to July 2008, culminating in the award of a Doctor of Engineering degree. His research focuses on electromagnetic technologies and their applications, as well as electronic information systems, with particular emphasis on modern antenna theory and technology, wireless communication, intelligent detection techniques, and electromagnetic compatibility.
School of Physics Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2026, 19(1), 121; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010121 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 20 October 2025
/
Revised: 18 December 2025
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Accepted: 23 December 2025
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Published: 25 December 2025
Abstract
To address the challenges of system failures and equipment damage caused by excitation inrush currents and overvoltages during no-load energization of high-speed locomotive transformers, a simulation model was developed utilizing PSCAD electromagnetic transient simulation software. This study establishes a no-load switching simulation model for rolling stock transformers within PSCAD, analyzing variations in overvoltage and excitation inrush current amplitudes across different phase angles. Additionally, it compares excitation inrush current amplitudes under varying residual magnetism conditions. A phase-selective control strategy is proposed, integrating the hysteresis characteristics of the transformer core. The model’s accuracy is validated against empirical data obtained from a city train. Employing the Jiles–Atherton hysteresis model, the residual magnetism of the transformer core is quantified. Based on measured data, a relationship curve between switching phase and residual magnetism is fitted, enabling calculation of the optimal closing angle through the phase selection procedure. This approach effectively mitigates overvoltage and excitation inrush current hazards, thereby enhancing the operational safety of the train system.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Yan, J.; Wang, Q.; Zhang, J.; Li, X.
A Study on Excitation Inrush Current and Overvoltage Mitigation Strategies Utilizing Phase Selection Control. Energies 2026, 19, 121.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010121
AMA Style
Yan J, Wang Q, Zhang J, Li X.
A Study on Excitation Inrush Current and Overvoltage Mitigation Strategies Utilizing Phase Selection Control. Energies. 2026; 19(1):121.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010121
Chicago/Turabian Style
Yan, Junting, Qingfeng Wang, Jianqiong Zhang, and Xiangqiang Li.
2026. "A Study on Excitation Inrush Current and Overvoltage Mitigation Strategies Utilizing Phase Selection Control" Energies 19, no. 1: 121.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010121
APA Style
Yan, J., Wang, Q., Zhang, J., & Li, X.
(2026). A Study on Excitation Inrush Current and Overvoltage Mitigation Strategies Utilizing Phase Selection Control. Energies, 19(1), 121.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010121
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