Energy Storage System Sizing for Grid-Tied PV System: Case Study in Malaysia

Energy storage systems (ESSs) have recently emerged as a common solution for mitigating the variability of intermittent renewable energy sources. A major challenge linked to ESSs is their expense. This study focuses on investigating techniques to decrease the size of an ESS while maintaining its performance levels. Data were gathered from a grid-connected 2MW PV system in Malaysia over multiple days, with numerous variables showing considerable hour-to-hour variations from hour to hour due to solar irradiation. A Python code was created to examine the impact of different ESS sizes on power grid stabilization utilizing the power conservation technique. The suggested ESS size derived from the program outcomes was evaluated utilizing a hybrid ESS, incorporating a vanadium redox battery (VRB) as the high-energy-density component and supercapacitors (SCs) as the high-power-density component. The effects of altering the output period lengths were examined. The result must stay consistent for at least five minutes as the minimum required duration. The findings show that an ESS capacity of approximately 10% of the overall produced power can meet the above duration requirement. A straightforward test was employed in the system to assess the power generation level in the upcoming time period. Simulink was employed to model the produced system, and the outcomes met the ESS requirements, enhancing efficiency and extending the battery lifespan.