Next Article in Journal
Analysis of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in a Solar Air Heater with Sequentially Placed Rectangular Obstacles on the Fin Surface
Previous Article in Journal
Residential Heating Method and Housing Prices: Results of an Empirical Analysis in South Korea
 
 
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Enhancing Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Efficiency Using an Improved Parrot Optimizer and Photovoltaic Systems

Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Atlas University, Kagithane, Istanbul 34408, Turkey
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(14), 3808; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143808
Submission received: 29 May 2025 / Revised: 4 July 2025 / Accepted: 10 July 2025 / Published: 17 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Section A2: Solar Energy and Photovoltaic Systems)

Abstract

There has been a great need for replacing combustion-powered vehicles with electric vehicles (EV), and fully electric cars are meant to replace combustion engine cars. This has led to considerable research into improving the performance of EVs, especially via electric motor voltage control. A wide range of optimization algorithms have been used as traditional approaches, but the dynamic parameters of electric motors, impacted by temperature and different driving cycles, continue to be a problem. This study introduces an improved version of the Parrot Optimizer (IPO) aimed at enhancing voltage regulation in EVs. The algorithm can intelligently adjust certain motor parameters for adaptive management to maintain performance based on different situations. To ensure a stable and sustainable power supply for the powertrain of the EV, a photovoltaic (PV) system is used with energy storage batteries. Such an arrangement seeks to deliver permanent electric energy, a solution to traditional grid electricity reliance. This demonstrates the effectiveness of IPO, with the resultant motor performance remaining optimal despite parameter changes. It is also illustrated that energy production, by integrating PV systems, prevents excessive voltage line drops and thus voltage imbalances. The proposed intelligent controller is verified based on multiple simulations, demonstrating and ensuring significant improvements in EV efficiency and reliability.
Keywords: electric vehicles (EVs); voltage regulation; improved Parrot Optimizer; photovoltaic system; energy storage electric vehicles (EVs); voltage regulation; improved Parrot Optimizer; photovoltaic system; energy storage

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Sheykhi, E.; Yilmaz, M. Enhancing Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Efficiency Using an Improved Parrot Optimizer and Photovoltaic Systems. Energies 2025, 18, 3808. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143808

AMA Style

Sheykhi E, Yilmaz M. Enhancing Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Efficiency Using an Improved Parrot Optimizer and Photovoltaic Systems. Energies. 2025; 18(14):3808. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143808

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sheykhi, Ebrahim, and Mutlu Yilmaz. 2025. "Enhancing Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Efficiency Using an Improved Parrot Optimizer and Photovoltaic Systems" Energies 18, no. 14: 3808. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143808

APA Style

Sheykhi, E., & Yilmaz, M. (2025). Enhancing Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Efficiency Using an Improved Parrot Optimizer and Photovoltaic Systems. Energies, 18(14), 3808. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143808

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online.
Back to TopTop