A Comparative Analysis of Measured and Simulated Data of PV Rooftop Installations Located in Poland
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Size Characteristics
2.2. Calculation of Final Yield
2.3. Performance Analysis Using Selected Photovoltaic Software
2.3.1. DDS-Cad
2.3.2. PVSOL
2.3.3. PVGIS
2.3.4. PVWatts Calculator
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Weather Data Analysis
3.2. Analysis of Energy Output
4. Conclusions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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PV System | Azimuth [°] | Tilt Angle [°] | PV Module | Nominal Power of System [kW] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manufacturer | Type | Power [Wp] | ||||
PV1 | 145 | 19 | Risen Energy (Ningbo, China) | RSM-60-6-310M | 310 | 7.13 |
PV2 | 102 | 35 | Risen Energy | RSM-120-6-330M | 330 | 5.28 |
PV3 | 175 | 40 | Sharp (Sakai City, Japan) | NU-AC310 | 310 | 6.20 |
PV4 | 78/258 | 32 | Q-Cells SE (Seoul, South Korea) | Q.PEAK DUO-G5 325 | 325 | 3.58 |
PV System | Inverter’s Manufacturer | Inverter Model | Number of Modules [pcs.] | Configuration | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PV1 | Shenzhen SOFARSOLAR Co. (Shenzhen, China) | 8.8KTL-X | 23 | 1 string/1st tracker | 11 pcs. |
1 string/2nd tracker | 12 pcs. | ||||
PV2 | Shenzhen SOFARSOLAR Co. | 4.4KTL-X | 16 | 1 string/1st tracker | 8 pcs. |
1 string/2nd tracker | 8 pcs. | ||||
PV3 | Shenzhen SOFARSOLAR Co. | 5.5KTL-X | 20 | 1 string/1st tracker | 10 pcs. |
1 string/2nd tracker | 10 pcs. | ||||
PV4 | Shenzhen SOFARSOLAR Co. | SOFAR 3KTLM-G2 | 11 | 1 string/1st tracker | 6 pcs. |
1 string/2nd tracker | 5 pcs. |
PV System | Module Parameters | Inverter Parameters | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMAX [Wp] | VOC [V] | VMPP [V] | ISC [A] | IMPP [A] | η [%] | β [%/°C] | AC Power [kW] | Max DC Voltage [V] | MPP Voltage Range [V] | η [%] | |
PV1 | 310 | 40.60 | 33.40 | 9.86 | 9.28 | 18.90 | −0.29 | 8.80 | 1000 | 300–840 | 98.3 |
PV2 | 330 | 40.30 | 34.05 | 10.30 | 9.70 | 19.60 | −0.29 | 4.40 | 1000 | 190–840 | 98.0 |
PV3 | 310 | 40.82 | 33.18 | 9.89 | 9.35 | 18.90 | −0.273 | 5.50 | 1000 | 240–840 | 98.0 |
PV4 | 325 | 40.40 | 33.65 | 10.14 | 9.66 | 19.30 | −0.28 | 3.00 | 600 | 230–520 | 98.0 |
Feature | DDS-Cad | PVSOL | PVGIS | PVWatts Calculator |
---|---|---|---|---|
Solar radiation database | Meteonorm | Meteonorm | PVGIS-SARAH/PVGIS-SARAH2/PVGIS-ERA5 | NSRDB/SWERA/IWEC |
PV product database | Very complex with the possibility to expand | Very complex with the possibility to expand | No | No |
PV module input data | Very detailed | Very detailed | Basic | Basic |
Inverter input data | Very detailed | Very detailed | No | Basic |
Design of PV system | Yes | Yes | No | No |
3D visualization | Advanced | Basic | No | No |
Energy output simulations | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Shadows simulations | Yes | Yes | No | No |
Output data report | Very detailed | Very detailed | Basic | Basic |
Availability | Licensed | 30-days free version/licensed | Online tool | Online tool |
Fee | Not free of charge | Free/Not free of charge | Free of charge | Free of charge |
Month | Tmin [°C] | Tmax [°C] | Vmin [m/s] | Vmax [m/s] | HUmin [%] | HUmax [%] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
January | −11.9 | 9.00 | 0.3 | 14.0 | 51 | 100 |
February | −6.3 | 9.50 | 0.3 | 12.0 | 42 | 100 |
March | −11.0 | 18.00 | 0.1 | 9.8 | 21 | 100 |
April | −3.9 | 18.00 | 0.1 | 9.6 | 28 | 100 |
May | 0.5 | 26.30 | 0.1 | 11.8 | 24 | 100 |
June | 6.0 | 34.00 | 0.1 | 9.0 | 4 | 100 |
July | 8.5 | 33.30 | 0.1 | 21.3 | 4 | 98 |
August | 9.8 | 31.20 | 0 | 9.9 | 25 | 98 |
September | 3.7 | 22.30 | 0 | 8.2 | 28 | 98 |
October | −0.5 | 21.50 | 0 | 10.2 | 45 | 99 |
November | −7.6 | 14.40 | 0.2 | 5.0 | 57 | 99 |
December | −16.0 | 7.10 | 0 | 9.7 | 64 | 99 |
PV System | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[kWh·kW−1] | |||||
PV1 | 1043.16 | 976.06 | 961.23 | 817.88 | 954.01 |
PV2 | 983.36 | 879.85 | 891.66 | 772.58 | 853.03 |
PV3 | 1079.45 | 1055.60 | 1068.37 | 826.14 | 1035.41 |
PV4 | 982.30 | 829.45 | 853.82 | 728.74 | 817.32 |
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Krawczak, E. A Comparative Analysis of Measured and Simulated Data of PV Rooftop Installations Located in Poland. Energies 2023, 16, 5975. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16165975
Krawczak E. A Comparative Analysis of Measured and Simulated Data of PV Rooftop Installations Located in Poland. Energies. 2023; 16(16):5975. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16165975
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrawczak, Ewelina. 2023. "A Comparative Analysis of Measured and Simulated Data of PV Rooftop Installations Located in Poland" Energies 16, no. 16: 5975. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16165975
APA StyleKrawczak, E. (2023). A Comparative Analysis of Measured and Simulated Data of PV Rooftop Installations Located in Poland. Energies, 16(16), 5975. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16165975