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Volume 13
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10.3390/en13215701
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Article

Improving Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies of Montréal (Canada) Using Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of Technology Options

by
Tahereh Malmir
,
Saeed Ranjbar
and
Ursula Eicker
*
Canada Excellence Research Chair Next Generation Cities, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, Montréal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2020, 13(21), 5701; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215701
Submission received: 15 October 2020 / Revised: 25 October 2020 / Accepted: 29 October 2020 / Published: 31 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomass Wastes for Energy Production)
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Abstract

Landfilling of organic waste is still the predominant waste management method in Canada. Data collection and analysis of the waste were done for the case study city of Montréal in Canada. A life cycle assessment was carried out for the current and proposed waste management system using the IWM-2 software. Using life cycle assessment results, a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm was used to optimize the waste flows. The optimization showed that the current recovery ratio of organic waste of 23% in 2017 could be increased to 100% recovery of food waste. Also, recycling could be doubled, and landfilling halved. The objective functions were minimizing the total energy consumption and CO2eq emissions as well as the total cost in the waste management system. By using a three-objective optimization algorithm, the optimized waste flow for Montréal results in 2% of waste (14.7 kt) to anaerobic digestion (AD), 7% (66.3 kt) to compost, 32% (295 kt) to recycling, 1% (8.5 kt) to incineration, and 58% (543 kt) to landfill.
Keywords: organic waste; energy recovery; life cycle assessment; cost analysis organic waste; energy recovery; life cycle assessment; cost analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Malmir, T.; Ranjbar, S.; Eicker, U. Improving Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies of Montréal (Canada) Using Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of Technology Options. Energies 2020, 13, 5701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215701

AMA Style

Malmir T, Ranjbar S, Eicker U. Improving Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies of Montréal (Canada) Using Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of Technology Options. Energies. 2020; 13(21):5701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215701

Chicago/Turabian Style

Malmir, Tahereh, Saeed Ranjbar, and Ursula Eicker. 2020. "Improving Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies of Montréal (Canada) Using Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of Technology Options" Energies 13, no. 21: 5701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215701

APA Style

Malmir, T., Ranjbar, S., & Eicker, U. (2020). Improving Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies of Montréal (Canada) Using Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of Technology Options. Energies, 13(21), 5701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215701

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