Magnetic Field during Wireless Charging in an Electric Vehicle According to Standard SAE J2954
1
Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
2
Department of Astronautics, Electrical and Energetics Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2019, 12(9), 1795; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091795
Received: 23 April 2019 / Revised: 6 May 2019 / Accepted: 8 May 2019 / Published: 11 May 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power for Electric Vehicles)
The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Recommended Practice (RP) J2954 (November 2017) was recently published to standardize the wireless power transfer (WPT) technology to recharge the battery of an electric vehicle (EV). The SAE J2954 RP establishes criteria for interoperability, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), electromagnetic field (EMF) safety, etc. The aim of this study was to predict the magnetic field behavior inside and outside an EV during wireless charging using the design criteria of SAE RP J2954. Analyzing the worst case configurations of WPT coils and EV bodyshell by a sophisticated software tool based on the finite element method (FEM) that takes into account the field reflection and refraction of the metal EV bodyshell, it is possible to numerically assess the magnetic field levels in the environment. The investigation was performed considering the worst case configuration—a small city car with a Class 2 WPT system of 7.7 kVA with WPT coils with maximum admissible ground clearance and offset. The results showed that the reference level (RL) of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines in terms of magnetic flux density was exceeded under and beside the EV. To mitigate the magnetic field, the currents flowing through the WPT coils were varied using the inductor-capacitor-capacitor (LCC) compensation instead of the traditional series-series (SS) compensation. The corresponding calculated field was compliant with the 2010 ICNIRP RL and presented a limited exceedance of the 1998 ICNIRP RL. Finally, the influence of the body width on the magnetic field behavior adopting maximum offset was investigated, demonstrating that the magnetic field emission in the environment increased as the ground clearance increased and as the body width decreased.
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Keywords:
electric vehicles; electromagnetic compatibility; electromagnetic fields safety; LCC compensation; magnetic field; wireless power transfer
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MDPI and ACS Style
Campi, T.; Cruciani, S.; Maradei, F.; Feliziani, M. Magnetic Field during Wireless Charging in an Electric Vehicle According to Standard SAE J2954. Energies 2019, 12, 1795. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091795
AMA Style
Campi T, Cruciani S, Maradei F, Feliziani M. Magnetic Field during Wireless Charging in an Electric Vehicle According to Standard SAE J2954. Energies. 2019; 12(9):1795. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091795
Chicago/Turabian StyleCampi, Tommaso; Cruciani, Silvano; Maradei, Francesca; Feliziani, Mauro. 2019. "Magnetic Field during Wireless Charging in an Electric Vehicle According to Standard SAE J2954" Energies 12, no. 9: 1795. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091795
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