A Novel Fault-Tolerant Control of Modular Multilevel Converter under Sub-Module Faults Based on Phase Disposition PWM
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Basics Principles of MMC
2.1. MMC Topology
2.2. Phase Disposition PWM and Voltage Balancing Strategy
3. Analysis of the Traditional Zero-Sequence Voltage Injection Control Method
4. Novel Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy
4.1. Overall Control Process of the Proposed Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy
- Sub module fault handling. Its main task is to block the trigger pulse of the faulty SMs and isolate the faulty SMs through closing the bypass switch.
- Correction of the modulation state. The main task of this part is that with combining the faulty SM numbers of the fault phase, achieving the correction of the original carrier and modulation waves by adopting the proposed correction algorithm (where its specific implementation method will be discussed in detail in Section 4.2, thereby obtaining the SM numbers that need to be inserted in each arms after SMs malfunction.In addition, it should be note that this step is the also core part of the fault-tolerant control strategy. In the traditional zero-sequence voltage injection control method, it only with correcting the modulation waves to help achieve the SM fault-crossing. Compared to it, we add the correction algorithm of the carrier waves on the basis of the correction algorithm of the modulation waves, and realized their combination. This effectively simplifies the complexity of traditional control algorithm when deal with multiple arms occurring SM faults.
- Generation of the SM drive pulses. In this part, with combining the SM numbers that need to be inserted in each arms obtained from the step (2), the drive pulses of the remained healthy SMs are generated by using SM voltage sorting control algorithm, and finally completes the fault-tolerant control.
4.2. Specific Implementation Method of the Correction of the Carrier and Modulation Waves
4.2.1. Correction Algorithm of the Carrier Waves
4.2.2. Correction Algorithm of the Modulation Waves
4.3. Maximum Control Range of the Proposed Control Strategy
5. Simulation Studies
5.1. Case 1
5.2. Case 2
5.3. Case 3
6. Experimental Studies
7. Conclusions
- (1)
- The traditional zero-sequence voltage injection fault-tolerant control algorithm is analyzed detailed. It reveals that the traditional method is easy to implement under the signal arm faulty state. However, if the SM simultaneously occurring faults in the upper and lower arms or appearing multiple arm failures, the required zero-sequence voltages will be calculated difficult. The SM fault-crossing is complicated to realize.
- (2)
- A novel fault-tolerant control strategy based on PD-PWM is proposed, which has three main benefits: (i) it has carrier and modulation wave dual correction mechanism, which control ability is more higher and flexible; (ii) it only needs to inject zero-sequence voltage in half a cycle of the modulation wave, which simplifies the complexity of traditional zero-sequence voltage injection control algorithms and much easier for implement; (iii) furthermore, the zero-sequence voltage can even be avoided injecting under the symmetrical fault conditions.
- (3)
- The simulations in the MATLAB/SIMULINK and experiments with 2-terminal a MMC-based prototype are all studied with the proposed control strategy under different fault conditions. The results confirm the efficiency of the control strategy.
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
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Parameters | Value |
---|---|
Ac system nominal voltage | 10 kV |
Ac System inductance Ls | 5 mH |
Fundamental frequency | 50 Hz |
Ac system power losses Rs | 0.03 Ω |
Arm inductance Lm | 5 mH |
Series arm resistance Rm | 0.01 Ω |
Dc bus voltage Udc | 20 kV |
Number of SMs per arm N | 20 |
Number of redundant SMs per arm | 5 |
Sub-module capacitor C | 2000 μF |
Transformer ratio | 1:1 (Y/Δ) |
Parameters | Value |
---|---|
AC System inductance Ls | 5 mH |
Arm inductance Lm | 5 mH |
DC bus voltage Udc | 20 kV |
Number of SMs per arm N | 4 |
Number of redundant SMs per arm | 1 |
Sub-module capacitor C | 2000 μF |
Transformer ratio | 380 V/380 V (Y/Δ) |
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Yin, J.; Wu, W.; Wei, T.; Wu, X.; Huo, Q. A Novel Fault-Tolerant Control of Modular Multilevel Converter under Sub-Module Faults Based on Phase Disposition PWM. Energies 2019, 12, 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12010020
Yin J, Wu W, Wei T, Wu X, Huo Q. A Novel Fault-Tolerant Control of Modular Multilevel Converter under Sub-Module Faults Based on Phase Disposition PWM. Energies. 2019; 12(1):20. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12010020
Chicago/Turabian StyleYin, Jingyuan, Wen Wu, Tongzhen Wei, Xuezhi Wu, and Qunhai Huo. 2019. "A Novel Fault-Tolerant Control of Modular Multilevel Converter under Sub-Module Faults Based on Phase Disposition PWM" Energies 12, no. 1: 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12010020
APA StyleYin, J., Wu, W., Wei, T., Wu, X., & Huo, Q. (2019). A Novel Fault-Tolerant Control of Modular Multilevel Converter under Sub-Module Faults Based on Phase Disposition PWM. Energies, 12(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12010020