Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis
Department of Electrical Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2018, 11(6), 1571; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11061571
Received: 15 May 2018 / Revised: 8 June 2018 / Accepted: 13 June 2018 / Published: 14 June 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toward Sustainable Energy Systems for Smart Grids and Smart Societies)
This paper proposes the impact of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) integrated into a power distribution system based on voltage-dependent control. The gasolinegate situation has many people turning to electric vehicles as a more environmentally friendly option, especially in smart community areas. The advantage of PEVs is modern vehicles that can use several types of fuel cells and batteries as energy sources. The proposed PEVs model was developed as a static load model in power distribution systems under balanced load conditions. The power flow analysis was determined by using certain parameters of the proposed electrical network. The main research objective was to determine the voltage magnitude profiles, the load voltage deviation, and total power losses of the electrical power system by using the new proposed methodology. Furthermore, it investigated the effects of the constant power load, the constant current load, the constant impedance load, and the plug-in electric vehicles load model. The IEEE 33 bus system was selected as the test system. The proposed methodology assigned the balanced load types in a steady state condition and used the new methodology to solve the power flow problem. The simulation results showed that increasing the plug-in electric vehicles load had an impact on the grids when compared with the other four load types. The lowest increased value for the plug-in electric vehicles load had an effect on the load voltage deviation (0.062), the total active power loss (120 kW) and the total reactive power loss (80 kVar), respectively. Therefore, this study verified that the load of PEVs can affect the electrical power system according to the time charging and charger position. Therefore, future work could examine the difference caused when PEVs are attached to the electrical power system by means of the conventional or complex load type.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
modelling; normal charging; electric vehicle; distribution system; V2G; voltage-dependent
▼
Show Figures
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Kongjeen, Y.; Bhumkittipich, K. Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis. Energies 2018, 11, 1571.
AMA Style
Kongjeen Y, Bhumkittipich K. Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis. Energies. 2018; 11(6):1571.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKongjeen, Yuttana; Bhumkittipich, Krischonme. 2018. "Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis" Energies 11, no. 6: 1571.
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
Search more from Scilit