Impact of Climate Change on Combined Solar and Run-of-River Power in Northern Italy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area
3. Data and Methods
3.1. Regional Energy Load
3.2. Run-of-River Hydropower
3.3. Solar PV Power Generation
3.4. Evaluating the Penetration Rates of VRE Mixes
3.5. Future Scenarios
4. Penetration Rates for the Current Climate (1992–2009)
5. Penetration Rates for Future Climates
5.1. Future Electricity Consumption, RoR and Solar PV Power Production
5.2. Future Penetration Rates
5.3. Future Penetration Rates with Storage
6. Discussion and Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Modeling Center | Model | Institution |
---|---|---|
BCC | BCC-CSM1.1 | Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration |
BCC-CSM1.1(m) | ||
CCCma | CanESM2 | Canadian Center for Climate Modelling and Analysis |
CMCC | CMCC-CM | Centro Euro-Mediterraneo par I Cambiamenti Climatici |
CNRM-CERFACS | CNRM-CM5 | Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques ; Centre Européen de Recherche et Formation Avancées en Calcul Scientifique |
CSIRO-BOM | ACCESS1.0 | CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia); BOM (Bureau of Meteorology) |
CSIRO-QCCCE | CSIRO-Mk3.6.0 | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation in collaboration with the Queensland Climate Change Center of Excellence |
GCESS | BNU-ESM | College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University |
INM | INM-CM4 | Institute for Numerical Mathematics |
IPSL | IPSL-CM5A-MR | Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace |
LASG-CESS | FGOALS-g2 | LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and CESS, Tsinghua University |
MIROC | MIROC5 | Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (Univ. Tokyo); National Institute for Environmental Studies; Japan Agency for Marine-Earth-Science and Technology |
MIROC-ESM | ||
MIROC-ESM-CHEM | ||
MPI-M | MPI-ESM-MR | Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) |
MRI | MRI-CGCM3 | Meteorological Research Institute |
NSA GISS | GISS-E2-R | NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies |
NCAR | CCSM4 | National Center for Atmospheric Research |
NCC | NorESM1-M | Norwegian Climate Center |
NOAA GFDL | GFDL-CM3 | Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory |
GFDL-ESM2G | ||
GFDL-ESM2M | ||
NSF-DOE-NCAR | CESM1(BGC) | National Science Foundation; Department of Energy; National Center for Atmospheric Research |
CESM1(CAM5) |
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François, B.; Hingray, B.; Borga, M.; Zoccatelli, D.; Brown, C.; Creutin, J.-D. Impact of Climate Change on Combined Solar and Run-of-River Power in Northern Italy. Energies 2018, 11, 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11020290
François B, Hingray B, Borga M, Zoccatelli D, Brown C, Creutin J-D. Impact of Climate Change on Combined Solar and Run-of-River Power in Northern Italy. Energies. 2018; 11(2):290. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11020290
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrançois, Baptiste, Benoit Hingray, Marco Borga, Davide Zoccatelli, Casey Brown, and Jean-Dominique Creutin. 2018. "Impact of Climate Change on Combined Solar and Run-of-River Power in Northern Italy" Energies 11, no. 2: 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11020290