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Current Oncology
Volume 21
Issue 3
10.3747/co.21.1903
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Current Oncology is published by MDPI from Volume 28 Issue 1 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Multimed Inc..
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Article

One Compared with Two Cycles of Mitomycin C in Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Cancer: Analysis of Outcomes and Toxicity

by
R. Yeung
1,*,
Y. McConnell
2,
G. Roxin
2,
R. Banerjee
1,
G.B. Roldán Urgoiti
3,
A.R. MacLean
2,
W.D. Buie
2,
K.E. Mulder
4,
M.M. Vickers
5,
K.J. Joseph
6 and
C.M. Doll
1
1
Department of Radiation Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
2
Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
3
Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
4
Department of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
5
Department of Medical Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
6
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Curr. Oncol. 2014, 21(3), 449-456; https://doi.org/10.3747/co.21.1903
Submission received: 8 March 2014 / Revised: 9 April 2014 / Accepted: 5 May 2014 / Published: 1 June 2014

Abstract

(1) Background: Concurrent chemoradiation with fluorouracil (5fu) and mitomycin C (mmc) is standard treatment for anal canal carcinoma (acc). The current protocol in Alberta is administration of 5fu and mmc during weeks 1 and 5 of radiation. However, administration of the second bolus of mmc has been based largely on centre preference. Given limited published data on outcomes with different mmc regimens, our objective was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of 1 compared with 2 cycles of mmc in acc treatment. (2) Methods: Our retrospective study evaluated 169 acc patients treated with radical chemoradiotherapy between 2000 and 2010 at two tertiary cancer centres. All patients were treated with 2 cycles of 5fu and with 1 cycle (mmc1) or 2 cycles (mmc2) of mmc. Acute toxicities, disease-free (dfs) and overall survival (os) were analyzed. (3) Results: Baseline demographics, performance status, and stage were similar in the groups of patients who received mmc1 (52%) and mmc2 (48%). Before treatment, median hematologic parameters were comparable, except for white blood cell count, which was higher in the mmc2 group, but within normal range. The 5-year os and dfs were similar (75.1% and 54.2% for mmc1 vs. 70.7% and 44.2% for mmc2, p = 0.98 and p = 0.63 respectively). On multivariate analysis, mmc2 was the factor most strongly associated with specific acute toxicities: grade 3+ leukopenia (hazard ratio: 4.82; p < 0.01), grade 3+ skin toxicity (hazard ratio: 4.76; p < 0.001), and hospitalizations secondary to febrile neutropenia (hazard ratio: 9.91; p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: In definitive chemoradiotherapy for acc, 1 cycle of mmc appears to offer outcomes similar to those achieved with 2 cycles, with significantly less acute toxicity.
Keywords: chemoradiotherapy; anal cancer chemoradiotherapy; anal cancer

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Yeung, R.; McConnell, Y.; Roxin, G.; Banerjee, R.; Urgoiti, G.B.R.; MacLean, A.R.; Buie, W.D.; Mulder, K.E.; Vickers, M.M.; Joseph, K.J.; et al. One Compared with Two Cycles of Mitomycin C in Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Cancer: Analysis of Outcomes and Toxicity. Curr. Oncol. 2014, 21, 449-456. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.21.1903

AMA Style

Yeung R, McConnell Y, Roxin G, Banerjee R, Urgoiti GBR, MacLean AR, Buie WD, Mulder KE, Vickers MM, Joseph KJ, et al. One Compared with Two Cycles of Mitomycin C in Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Cancer: Analysis of Outcomes and Toxicity. Current Oncology. 2014; 21(3):449-456. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.21.1903

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yeung, R., Y. McConnell, G. Roxin, R. Banerjee, G.B. Roldán Urgoiti, A.R. MacLean, W.D. Buie, K.E. Mulder, M.M. Vickers, K.J. Joseph, and et al. 2014. "One Compared with Two Cycles of Mitomycin C in Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Cancer: Analysis of Outcomes and Toxicity" Current Oncology 21, no. 3: 449-456. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.21.1903

APA Style

Yeung, R., McConnell, Y., Roxin, G., Banerjee, R., Urgoiti, G. B. R., MacLean, A. R., Buie, W. D., Mulder, K. E., Vickers, M. M., Joseph, K. J., & Doll, C. M. (2014). One Compared with Two Cycles of Mitomycin C in Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Cancer: Analysis of Outcomes and Toxicity. Current Oncology, 21(3), 449-456. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.21.1903

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