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Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume 21
Issue 12
10.4414/cvm.2018.02003
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Cardiovascular Medicine is published by MDPI from Volume 28 Issue 1 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Editores Medicorum Helveticorum (EMH).
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Review

Intensive LDL-Cholesterol Lowering and Inhibition of Inflammation to Further Reduce Cardiovascular Risk?

by
David Carballo
* and
François Mach
Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cardiovasc. Med. 2018, 21(12), 310; https://doi.org/10.4414/cvm.2018.02003
Submission received: 19 September 2018 / Revised: 19 October 2018 / Accepted: 19 November 2018 / Published: 19 December 2018
Versions Notes

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease and in particular coronary heart disease (CHD) are major causes of mortality and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol is causally related to CHD. Risk prevention requires a global approach for patient management, including lifestyle and dietary changes for all. Pharmaceutical lipid-lowering therapy using statins and non-statin combinations significantly improves cardiovascular outcomes. Severe hypercholesterolaemia and familial forms require aggressive lipid- lowering therapy. New approaches with anti-PCSK9 antibodies enable more therapeutic goals to be achieved. Residual inflammatory assessment may help guide risk evaluation and become a therapeutic target.
Keywords: cardiovascular; cholesterol; inflammation cardiovascular; cholesterol; inflammation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Carballo, D.; Mach, F. Intensive LDL-Cholesterol Lowering and Inhibition of Inflammation to Further Reduce Cardiovascular Risk? Cardiovasc. Med. 2018, 21, 310. https://doi.org/10.4414/cvm.2018.02003

AMA Style

Carballo D, Mach F. Intensive LDL-Cholesterol Lowering and Inhibition of Inflammation to Further Reduce Cardiovascular Risk? Cardiovascular Medicine. 2018; 21(12):310. https://doi.org/10.4414/cvm.2018.02003

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carballo, David, and François Mach. 2018. "Intensive LDL-Cholesterol Lowering and Inhibition of Inflammation to Further Reduce Cardiovascular Risk?" Cardiovascular Medicine 21, no. 12: 310. https://doi.org/10.4414/cvm.2018.02003

APA Style

Carballo, D., & Mach, F. (2018). Intensive LDL-Cholesterol Lowering and Inhibition of Inflammation to Further Reduce Cardiovascular Risk? Cardiovascular Medicine, 21(12), 310. https://doi.org/10.4414/cvm.2018.02003

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