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Volume 22
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Article

Updating Health Canada’s Heat-Health Messages for the Environment and Climate Change Canada Heat Warning System: A Collaboration with Canadian Experts

by
Emily J. Tetzlaff
1,2,
Melissa MacDonald
3,
Glen P. Kenny
2,4,
Brittany Murphy
3,
Rachel F. Siblock
1,
Ahmed Al-Hertani
1,
Rebecca C. Stranberg
1,
Peter Berry
1 and
Melissa Gorman
1,*
1
Climate Change and Health Office, Health Canada, Government of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
2
Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
3
Health and Air Quality Forecast Services, Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Government of Canada, Gatineau, QC J8X 4C6, Canada
4
Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(8), 1266; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22081266
Submission received: 28 May 2025 / Revised: 28 July 2025 / Accepted: 30 July 2025 / Published: 13 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Global Health)
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Abstract

It is critical to inform the public of the threat heat poses to health and provide actionable guidance on mitigating this risk before, during, and after heat events. To help educate the public during heat events, Health Canada works closely with Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) to distribute heat-health messaging through a weather warning system. However, the warning system’s current list of messages dates back over a decade. Continually evaluating and updating messages is critical to ensure they are based on the best evidence available. A review was conducted to assess the existing heat-health messages and propose new messages based on recent empirical studies. The proposed messages were reviewed to ensure that readability and equity considerations were integrated. Academic, public health and meteorology experts across Canada reviewed the proposed messages and applied further revisions. The original list of heat-health messages included 12 messages. Based on the evidence and external reviews provided by 42 experts (academic: n = 9; public health: n = 22; meteorology: n = 11), messages were removed, merged, added and revised. The final list used by ECCC includes 30 messages. Health Canada’s heat-health messages disseminated through ECCC’s weather warning system were revised to ensure they are important, action-oriented, evidence-based, readable, equitable, regionally applicable, and timely. Ensuring these messages reflect current knowledge will be an ongoing and iterative process to support the public’s preparedness efforts to protect themselves and others during heat events.
Keywords: heat event; heat wave; health communication; heat alert response system; public health heat event; heat wave; health communication; heat alert response system; public health

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Tetzlaff, E.J.; MacDonald, M.; Kenny, G.P.; Murphy, B.; Siblock, R.F.; Al-Hertani, A.; Stranberg, R.C.; Berry, P.; Gorman, M. Updating Health Canada’s Heat-Health Messages for the Environment and Climate Change Canada Heat Warning System: A Collaboration with Canadian Experts. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22, 1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22081266

AMA Style

Tetzlaff EJ, MacDonald M, Kenny GP, Murphy B, Siblock RF, Al-Hertani A, Stranberg RC, Berry P, Gorman M. Updating Health Canada’s Heat-Health Messages for the Environment and Climate Change Canada Heat Warning System: A Collaboration with Canadian Experts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2025; 22(8):1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22081266

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tetzlaff, Emily J., Melissa MacDonald, Glen P. Kenny, Brittany Murphy, Rachel F. Siblock, Ahmed Al-Hertani, Rebecca C. Stranberg, Peter Berry, and Melissa Gorman. 2025. "Updating Health Canada’s Heat-Health Messages for the Environment and Climate Change Canada Heat Warning System: A Collaboration with Canadian Experts" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 22, no. 8: 1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22081266

APA Style

Tetzlaff, E. J., MacDonald, M., Kenny, G. P., Murphy, B., Siblock, R. F., Al-Hertani, A., Stranberg, R. C., Berry, P., & Gorman, M. (2025). Updating Health Canada’s Heat-Health Messages for the Environment and Climate Change Canada Heat Warning System: A Collaboration with Canadian Experts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(8), 1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22081266

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