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Article

Adapting the Stress First Aid Model for Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19

by
Mayer H. Bellehsen
1,2,3,
Haley M. Cook
1,4,*,
Pooja Shaam
1,4,
Daniella Burns
1,3,
Peter D’Amico
2,
Arielle Goldberg
1,3,
Mary Beth McManus
3,
Manish Sapra
2,3,
Lily Thomas
5,
Annmarie Wacha-Montes
1,3,
George Zenzerovich
1,3,
Patricia Watson
6,
Richard J. Westphal
7 and
Rebecca M. Schwartz
1,2,4
1
Center for Traumatic Stress, Resilience and Recovery at Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA
2
Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital at Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA
3
Behavioral Health Service Line, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10022, USA
4
Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA
5
Institute for Nursing, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY 11042, USA
6
National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA
7
School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(2), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21020171
Submission received: 5 December 2023 / Revised: 22 January 2024 / Accepted: 30 January 2024 / Published: 1 February 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Work Psychology and Occupational Health)
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Abstract

The coronavirus pandemic has generated and continues to create unprecedented demands on our healthcare systems. Healthcare workers (HCWs) face physical and psychological stresses caring for critically ill patients, including experiencing anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Nurses and nursing staff disproportionately experienced COVID-19-related psychological distress due to their vital role in infection mitigation and direct patient care. Therefore, there is a critical need to understand the short- and long-term impact of COVID-19 stress exposures on nursing staff wellbeing and to assess the impact of wellbeing programs aimed at supporting HCWs. To that end, the current study aims to evaluate an evidence-informed peer support stress reduction model, Stress First Aid (SFA), implemented across units within a psychiatric hospital in the New York City area during the pandemic. To examine the effectiveness of SFA, we measured stress, burnout, coping self-efficacy, resilience, and workplace support through self-report surveys completed by nurses and nursing staff over twelve months. The implementation of SFA across units has the potential to provide the workplace-level and individual-level skills necessary to reduce stress and promote resilience, which can be utilized and applied during waves of respiratory illness acuity or any other healthcare-related stressors among this population.
Keywords: Stress First Aid; nurses; COVID-19; resilience; burnout; stress Stress First Aid; nurses; COVID-19; resilience; burnout; stress

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bellehsen, M.H.; Cook, H.M.; Shaam, P.; Burns, D.; D’Amico, P.; Goldberg, A.; McManus, M.B.; Sapra, M.; Thomas, L.; Wacha-Montes, A.; et al. Adapting the Stress First Aid Model for Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 171. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21020171

AMA Style

Bellehsen MH, Cook HM, Shaam P, Burns D, D’Amico P, Goldberg A, McManus MB, Sapra M, Thomas L, Wacha-Montes A, et al. Adapting the Stress First Aid Model for Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(2):171. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21020171

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bellehsen, Mayer H., Haley M. Cook, Pooja Shaam, Daniella Burns, Peter D’Amico, Arielle Goldberg, Mary Beth McManus, Manish Sapra, Lily Thomas, Annmarie Wacha-Montes, and et al. 2024. "Adapting the Stress First Aid Model for Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 2: 171. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21020171

APA Style

Bellehsen, M. H., Cook, H. M., Shaam, P., Burns, D., D’Amico, P., Goldberg, A., McManus, M. B., Sapra, M., Thomas, L., Wacha-Montes, A., Zenzerovich, G., Watson, P., Westphal, R. J., & Schwartz, R. M. (2024). Adapting the Stress First Aid Model for Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(2), 171. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21020171

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