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Volume 20
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10.3390/ijerph20042881
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Article

Related Factors with Depression and Anxiety in Mastectomized Women Breast Cancer Survivors

by
Sergio Álvarez-Pardo
1,
José Antonio de Paz
2,
Ena Montserrat Romero-Pérez
3,*,
José Manuel Tánori-Tapia
3,
Pablo Alejandro Rendón-Delcid
3,
Jerónimo J. González-Bernal
4,
Jessica Fernández-Solana
4,*,
Lucía Simón-Vicente
4,
Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
4 and
Josefa González-Santos
4
1
Department of Sports, Isabel I University, 09003 Burgos, Spain
2
Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
3
Division of Biological Sciences and Health, University of Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
4
Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 2881; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042881
Submission received: 29 December 2022 / Revised: 27 January 2023 / Accepted: 3 February 2023 / Published: 7 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promoting Health and Well-Being in Individual, Families, and Communities)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosis with the highest mortality rate worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify factors related to depression and anxiety in mastectomized women BC survivors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 198 women diagnosed with BC aged 30–80 years in Mexico. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the 14-item Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The results showed that 94.44% and 69.18% of the women scored more than eight points on HADS in the anxiety and depression subscales, respectively; 70.20% and 10.60% were identified as pathological. The following variables were analyzed: age, time elapsed since the start of treatment, received treatment at the time of the evaluation, type of surgery, family history, marital status and employment status. Time elapsed since surgery, having a partner, and employment showed significant results as factors associated to levels of depression and anxiety in these patients. In conclusion, it has been shown that BCSs under 50 years of age receiving some kind of treatment, without family history, without a partner, with a job, with more than secondary education and with more than 5 years since diagnosis could have higher rates of clinical depression. On the other hand, BCSs older than 50 years receiving some kind of treatment, without family history, without a partner, with a job, with more than secondary education and with more than 5 years since diagnosis, could have higher rates of clinical anxiety. In conclusion, the variables studied provide valuable information for the implementation of psychotherapy plans in healthcare systems to reduce the risk of depression and/or anxiety in women with BC who have undergone mastectomy.
Keywords: breast cancer; mastectomy; depression; anxiety; HADS breast cancer; mastectomy; depression; anxiety; HADS

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Álvarez-Pardo, S.; de Paz, J.A.; Romero-Pérez, E.M.; Tánori-Tapia, J.M.; Rendón-Delcid, P.A.; González-Bernal, J.J.; Fernández-Solana, J.; Simón-Vicente, L.; Mielgo-Ayuso, J.; González-Santos, J. Related Factors with Depression and Anxiety in Mastectomized Women Breast Cancer Survivors. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 2881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042881

AMA Style

Álvarez-Pardo S, de Paz JA, Romero-Pérez EM, Tánori-Tapia JM, Rendón-Delcid PA, González-Bernal JJ, Fernández-Solana J, Simón-Vicente L, Mielgo-Ayuso J, González-Santos J. Related Factors with Depression and Anxiety in Mastectomized Women Breast Cancer Survivors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):2881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042881

Chicago/Turabian Style

Álvarez-Pardo, Sergio, José Antonio de Paz, Ena Montserrat Romero-Pérez, José Manuel Tánori-Tapia, Pablo Alejandro Rendón-Delcid, Jerónimo J. González-Bernal, Jessica Fernández-Solana, Lucía Simón-Vicente, Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, and Josefa González-Santos. 2023. "Related Factors with Depression and Anxiety in Mastectomized Women Breast Cancer Survivors" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 2881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042881

APA Style

Álvarez-Pardo, S., de Paz, J. A., Romero-Pérez, E. M., Tánori-Tapia, J. M., Rendón-Delcid, P. A., González-Bernal, J. J., Fernández-Solana, J., Simón-Vicente, L., Mielgo-Ayuso, J., & González-Santos, J. (2023). Related Factors with Depression and Anxiety in Mastectomized Women Breast Cancer Survivors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042881

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