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Review

Recent Advances in the Ecology of Bloom-Forming Raphidiopsis (Cylindrospermopsis) raciborskii: Expansion in China, Intraspecific Heterogeneity and Critical Factors for Invasion

1
Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2
College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
3
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
4
Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 1984; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031984
Submission received: 24 November 2022 / Revised: 9 January 2023 / Accepted: 18 January 2023 / Published: 21 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Microbiology and Water Pollution Applications)

Abstract

Water blooms caused by the invasive cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii occur in many reservoirs in the tropical and subtropical regions of China. In recent decades, this species has spread rapidly to temperate regions. Phenotypic plasticity and climate warming are thought to promote the worldwide dispersion of R. raciborskii. However, investigations into the genetic and phenotypic diversities of this species have revealed significant intraspecific heterogeneity. In particular, competition between R. raciborskii and Microcystis aeruginosa was highly strain dependent. Although the concept of an ecotype was proposed to explain the heterogeneity of R. raciborskii strains with different geographic origins, microevolution is more reasonable for understanding the coexistence of different phenotypes and genotypes in the same environment. It has been suggested that intraspecific heterogeneity derived from microevolution is a strong driving force for the expansion of R. raciborskii. Additionally, temperature, nutrient fluctuations, and grazer disturbance are critical environmental factors that affect the population establishment of R. raciborskii in new environments. The present review provides new insights into the ecological mechanisms underlying the invasion of R. raciborskii in Chinese freshwater ecosystems.
Keywords: cyanobacterial blooms; climate warming; cylindrospermopsin; microbial invasion; microevolution; nutrient fluctuations cyanobacterial blooms; climate warming; cylindrospermopsin; microbial invasion; microevolution; nutrient fluctuations

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zheng, L.; Liu, Y.; Li, R.; Yang, Y.; Jiang, Y. Recent Advances in the Ecology of Bloom-Forming Raphidiopsis (Cylindrospermopsis) raciborskii: Expansion in China, Intraspecific Heterogeneity and Critical Factors for Invasion. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 1984. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031984

AMA Style

Zheng L, Liu Y, Li R, Yang Y, Jiang Y. Recent Advances in the Ecology of Bloom-Forming Raphidiopsis (Cylindrospermopsis) raciborskii: Expansion in China, Intraspecific Heterogeneity and Critical Factors for Invasion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(3):1984. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031984

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zheng, Ling, Yang Liu, Renhui Li, Yiming Yang, and Yongguang Jiang. 2023. "Recent Advances in the Ecology of Bloom-Forming Raphidiopsis (Cylindrospermopsis) raciborskii: Expansion in China, Intraspecific Heterogeneity and Critical Factors for Invasion" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3: 1984. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031984

APA Style

Zheng, L., Liu, Y., Li, R., Yang, Y., & Jiang, Y. (2023). Recent Advances in the Ecology of Bloom-Forming Raphidiopsis (Cylindrospermopsis) raciborskii: Expansion in China, Intraspecific Heterogeneity and Critical Factors for Invasion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 1984. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031984

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