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Volume 19
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Article

Predictors of the Occupational Burnout of Healthcare Workers in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Katarzyna Szwamel
1,*,
Antonina Kaczorowska
1,
Ewelina Lepsy
1,
Agata Mroczek
1,
Magdalena Golachowska
1,
Ewa Mazur
2 and
Mariusz Panczyk
3
1
Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Katowicka 68 Street, 45-060 Opole, Poland
2
Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
3
Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14/16, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3634; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063634
Submission received: 20 February 2022 / Revised: 13 March 2022 / Accepted: 16 March 2022 / Published: 18 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Stress, Burnout and Occupational Hygiene)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

The study aims at analysing the occupational burnout phenomenon, the level of anxiety and depression, as well as the quality of life (QOL) of healthcare workers (HCW) during the COVID-19 pandemic. There were 497 healthcare workers examined across Poland. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument Short Form (WHOQOL BREF) were used. A total of 71.63% (356) of the respondents presented high and moderate levels of emotional exhaustion during the pandemic, 71.43% (355) reported low and moderate job satisfaction levels, whereas 40.85% (203) displayed high and moderate levels of depersonalization. A group of 62.57% (n = 311) demonstrated clear or borderline states of anxiety disorders, while 38.83% (n = 193) suffered from depression or its borderline symptoms. Direct predictors of occupational burnout included: escalating depression; quality of life domains such as the physical, psychological and social; being provided personal protective equipment (PPE) by an employer; age; medical profession; and material status. Emotional exhaustion appeared to be much higher in nursing and ‘other’ medical professionals than in physiotherapists (p = 0.023). In the times of pandemic, the occupational burnout prophylaxis ought to be focused on early recognition of depression like symptoms and their treatment, as well as providing the staff with PPE and satisfying earnings.
Keywords: psychological burnout; occupational stress; depression; quality of life; health personnel; COVID-19 psychological burnout; occupational stress; depression; quality of life; health personnel; COVID-19

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Szwamel, K.; Kaczorowska, A.; Lepsy, E.; Mroczek, A.; Golachowska, M.; Mazur, E.; Panczyk, M. Predictors of the Occupational Burnout of Healthcare Workers in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 3634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063634

AMA Style

Szwamel K, Kaczorowska A, Lepsy E, Mroczek A, Golachowska M, Mazur E, Panczyk M. Predictors of the Occupational Burnout of Healthcare Workers in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(6):3634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063634

Chicago/Turabian Style

Szwamel, Katarzyna, Antonina Kaczorowska, Ewelina Lepsy, Agata Mroczek, Magdalena Golachowska, Ewa Mazur, and Mariusz Panczyk. 2022. "Predictors of the Occupational Burnout of Healthcare Workers in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6: 3634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063634

APA Style

Szwamel, K., Kaczorowska, A., Lepsy, E., Mroczek, A., Golachowska, M., Mazur, E., & Panczyk, M. (2022). Predictors of the Occupational Burnout of Healthcare Workers in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3634. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063634

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