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IJERPH
Volume 19
Issue 6
10.3390/ijerph19063313
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Opinion

Building the Momentum for A Stronger Pharmaceutical System in Africa

by
Silvia Ussai
1,*,
Caterina Chillotti
2,
Erminia Stochino
2,
Arianna Deidda
2,
Giovanni Ambu
1,
Lorenzo Anania
1,
Alberto Boccalini
1,
Flavia Colombo
1,
Alessandra Ferrari
1,
Daniele Pala
1,
Enrica Puddu
1,
Giulia Rapallo
1 and
Marco Pistis
2
1
Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
2
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3313; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063313
Submission received: 21 December 2021 / Revised: 3 March 2022 / Accepted: 8 March 2022 / Published: 11 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The COVID-19 Pandemic: Reshaping Public Health Policy Response Envisioning Health as a Common Good)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Despite impressive progress, nearly two billion people worldwide have no access to essential medicines. The COVID-19 pandemic revealed Africa’s vulnerability due to its reliance on imports for most vaccines, medicines, and other health product needs. The vaccine manufacturing is complex and requires massive financial investments, with global, regional, and national regulatory structures introducing consistent and urgent reforms to assure the quality and safety of medicines. In 2020, there were approximately 600 pharmaceutical manufacturers in Africa, 80% of which were concentrated in eight countries: Egypt, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, and South Africa. Only 4 countries had more than 50 manufacturers, while 22 countries had no local production. Out of the 600, around 25% were multinational companies. Africa is equally affected by modest scaled capacities substantially engaging in packaging and labelling, and occasionally fill and finish steps, facing criticalities in terms of solvent domestic markets. This article discusses the challenges in the development of a local pharmaceutical manufacturing in Africa and reflects on the importance of the momentum for strengthening the local medical production capacity in the continent as a critical opportunity for advancing universal health coverage (UHC).
Keywords: COVID-19; Africa; pharmaceutical system strengthening COVID-19; Africa; pharmaceutical system strengthening

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Ussai, S.; Chillotti, C.; Stochino, E.; Deidda, A.; Ambu, G.; Anania, L.; Boccalini, A.; Colombo, F.; Ferrari, A.; Pala, D.; et al. Building the Momentum for A Stronger Pharmaceutical System in Africa. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 3313. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063313

AMA Style

Ussai S, Chillotti C, Stochino E, Deidda A, Ambu G, Anania L, Boccalini A, Colombo F, Ferrari A, Pala D, et al. Building the Momentum for A Stronger Pharmaceutical System in Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(6):3313. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063313

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ussai, Silvia, Caterina Chillotti, Erminia Stochino, Arianna Deidda, Giovanni Ambu, Lorenzo Anania, Alberto Boccalini, Flavia Colombo, Alessandra Ferrari, Daniele Pala, and et al. 2022. "Building the Momentum for A Stronger Pharmaceutical System in Africa" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6: 3313. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063313

APA Style

Ussai, S., Chillotti, C., Stochino, E., Deidda, A., Ambu, G., Anania, L., Boccalini, A., Colombo, F., Ferrari, A., Pala, D., Puddu, E., Rapallo, G., & Pistis, M. (2022). Building the Momentum for A Stronger Pharmaceutical System in Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3313. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063313

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