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Volume 19
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10.3390/ijerph19052828
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Article

Youth Bullying and Suicide: Risk and Protective Factor Profiles for Bullies, Victims, Bully-Victims and the Uninvolved

by
Ching Kwan
1,
Clifford Wong
1,
Zhansheng Chen
2 and
Paul S. F. Yip
1,*
1
HKJC Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Hong Kong 999077, China
2
Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(5), 2828; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052828
Submission received: 25 January 2022 / Revised: 25 February 2022 / Accepted: 25 February 2022 / Published: 28 February 2022
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Bullying is closely associated with suicide. This study validates mixed evidence on whether young bullies, victims, bully-victims, and those uninvolved in bullying differ in suicidality, risk, protective factor profiles, and predictors of suicide. A total of 2004 Hong Kong adolescents and young adults completed the Hong Kong Online Survey on Youth Mental Health and Internet Usage in 2018. Bullies, victims, and bully victims, as opposed to the uninvolved, were found to possess higher tendencies of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. They had more distinct rather than overlapping risk and protective factor profiles yet shared psychological distress and diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder as common predictors of suicide. The results indicate that suicide screening assessments and training to detect common suicide predictors can benefit youngsters regardless of their bullying involvement. From the discussion, group-specific interventions include restorative justice approaches to promote reintegration and help-seeking among bullies, peer, and professional support programs geared towards lowering victim isolation and equipping gatekeepers such as teachers with skills to connect with both bullies and victims.
Keywords: suicide; adolescents; bullying; risk factors; protective factors suicide; adolescents; bullying; risk factors; protective factors

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kwan, C.; Wong, C.; Chen, Z.; Yip, P.S.F. Youth Bullying and Suicide: Risk and Protective Factor Profiles for Bullies, Victims, Bully-Victims and the Uninvolved. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 2828. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052828

AMA Style

Kwan C, Wong C, Chen Z, Yip PSF. Youth Bullying and Suicide: Risk and Protective Factor Profiles for Bullies, Victims, Bully-Victims and the Uninvolved. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(5):2828. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052828

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwan, Ching, Clifford Wong, Zhansheng Chen, and Paul S. F. Yip. 2022. "Youth Bullying and Suicide: Risk and Protective Factor Profiles for Bullies, Victims, Bully-Victims and the Uninvolved" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 5: 2828. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052828

APA Style

Kwan, C., Wong, C., Chen, Z., & Yip, P. S. F. (2022). Youth Bullying and Suicide: Risk and Protective Factor Profiles for Bullies, Victims, Bully-Victims and the Uninvolved. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2828. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052828

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