Creating a Healthy Life for the Elderly through Participation in Self-Media: A Study on the Demands of the Elderly in Self-Media
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Definition of Self-Media
1.2. Development of Self-Media
1.3. Demand Research Methods for Self-Media
1.4. The Health Effects of Self-Media on the Elderly
2. Methods
2.1. Standards for Selection of Research Target
2.2. Research Procedure
2.2.1. Analysis of Existing Well-Known Healthcare Self-Media
2.2.2. Questionnaire Design to Study the Elderly’s Self-Media Demands
2.2.3. Kano Questionnaire Survey to Explore the Elderly’s Self-Media Demands
3. Results
3.1. Results of Well-known Healthcare Self-Media Analysis
3.1.1. Self-Media Construction Form Demands
3.1.2. Self-Media Construction Content Demands
3.1.3. Self-Media Construction Interaction Method Demands
3.1.4. Self-Media Construction Information Display Demands
3.2. Results of the Descriptive Statistics for Participants (Elderly)
3.3. Results of Self-Media Demands via Kano Model Questionnaire for Participants (Elderly)
4. Discussion
4.1. Discussion of Descriptive Statistics Results for Participants (Elderly)
4.2. Discussion of Self-Media Demands via Results of the Kano Model Questionnaire for Participants (Elderly)
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ranking | Site | Daily Time on Site (mm: ss) | Daily Page Views per Visitor | % of Traffic from Search | Total Sites Linking in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Google.com.tw | 7:11 | 12.36 | 0.60% | 14,214 |
2 | Youtube.com | 8:18 | 4.81 | 16.00% | 3,099,355 |
3 | Pixnet.net | 3:15 | 2.38 | 67.90% | 85,782 |
4 | Facebook.com | 10:11 | 4.08 | 8.70% | 8,244,720 |
5 | Google.com | 7:50 | 8.91 | 4.80% | 4,105,884 |
6 | Yahoo.com | 4:06 | 3.68 | 8.40% | 775,444 |
7 | Ettoday.net | 3:59 | 2.50 | 22.00% | 13,615 |
8 | Ltn.com.tw | 3:45 | 2.68 | 34.10% | 12,506 |
9 | Momoshop.com.tw | 7:21 | 3.45 | 32.70% | 9336 |
10 | Setn.com | 3:57 | 2.65 | 12.00% | 3724 |
Usability Engineering Index | Indicator Description and Explanation |
---|---|
Easy to use | The platform is easy for users to learn and use. The self-media should be easy to understand and allow users to start working with the system or interface quickly. |
Efficient to use | The platform should allow users to operate efficiently. The self-media should be accessible, and they can quickly get high performance. |
Few errors | The platform should have low error rates for users. Additionally, the self-media should allow users to use it without making too many mistakes; even if they make mistakes, they can be quickly dealt with. Moreover, it must avoid fatal errors. |
Easy to remember | The platform makes it easy for users to remember. The self-media or interface should be easy to remember for casual users who have not operated for some time and do not need to learn from scratch when they return to this system. |
Subjectively pleasing | Users are satisfied with using the self-media. The self-media should be pleasant to use so that users are satisfied with the system. |
Questionnaire Dimensions | Questionnaire Items | A (Attractive) | O (One-Dimensional) | M (Must-be Quality) | I (Indifferent Quality) | R (Reverse Quality) | Q (Questionable) | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. Self-media construction form demands | Q1. single-column type | 111 | 0 | 11 | 54 | 4 | 0 | 180 |
Q2. two-column type (right) | 3 | 0 | 2 | 172 | 3 | 0 | 180 | |
Q3. two-column type (left) | 21 | 1 | 1 | 154 | 3 | 0 | 180 | |
Q4. three-column type | 14 | 3 | 4 | 52 | 107 | 0 | 180 | |
Q5. official website type | 22 | 51 | 102 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 180 | |
Q6. one-page type | 8 | 6 | 105 | 59 | 2 | 0 | 180 | |
B. Self-media construction content demands | Q1. sharing experience | 15 | 2 | 4 | 48 | 111 | 0 | 180 |
Q2. party calendar | 17 | 2 | 125 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q3. elderly care issues | 27 | 1 | 2 | 148 | 2 | 0 | 180 | |
Q4. volunteer activities | 17 | 0 | 2 | 161 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q5. sports activities | 24 | 2 | 2 | 151 | 1 | 0 | 180 | |
Q6. lifelong learning courses | 15 | 3 | 104 | 58 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q7. health care knowledge | 40 | 9 | 3 | 127 | 1 | 0 | 180 | |
Q8. financial management | 22 | 2 | 97 | 57 | 2 | 0 | 180 | |
Q9. article related to senior living | 25 | 6 | 2 | 147 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q10. the elderly-friendly space | 26 | 3 | 3 | 146 | 2 | 0 | 180 | |
Q11. the elderly-friendly video | 123 | 3 | 20 | 32 | 2 | 0 | 180 | |
Q12. hospital related information | 33 | 6 | 3 | 137 | 1 | 0 | 180 | |
Q13. font size toggles | 36 | 8 | 1 | 134 | 1 | 0 | 180 | |
Q14. news and life affairs | 119 | 7 | 15 | 38 | 1 | 0 | 180 | |
Q15. keynote speech video | 20 | 2 | 3 | 62 | 93 | 0 | 180 | |
Q16. stories about us | 23 | 2 | 2 | 151 | 2 | 0 | 180 | |
Q17. Experts’ speech | 13 | 1 | 2 | 162 | 2 | 0 | 180 | |
C. Self-media construction interaction method demands | Q1. leaving a message and replying to articles | 19 | 40 | 98 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 180 |
Q2. messages sending | 10 | 2 | 4 | 163 | 1 | 0 | 180 | |
Q3. chat with others online | 11 | 52 | 107 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 180 | |
Q4. searching for articles | 21 | 5 | 4 | 150 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q5. favorite articles | 121 | 27 | 30 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
D. Self-media construction information display demands | Q1. time display | 24 | 36 | 108 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 180 |
Q2. visitors’ statistics | 34 | 35 | 101 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 180 | |
Q3. online population | 4 | 3 | 3 | 170 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q4. popularity display | 6 | 3 | 2 | 169 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q5. latest article | 23 | 26 | 81 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q6. links to other media | 14 | 4 | 3 | 159 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q7. popular articles | 78 | 40 | 31 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q8. related information | 15 | 3 | 2 | 160 | 0 | 0 | 180 | |
Q9. Q & A | 11 | 3 | 3 | 74 | 89 | 0 | 180 |
Questionnaire Dimensions | Questionnaire Items | A (%) (Attractive) | O (%) (One-Dimensional) | M (%) (Must-be Quality) | I (%) (Indifferent Quality) | R (%) (Reverse Quality) | Q (%) (Questionable) | Result of Evaluation | SI (Satisfied Impact) | DSI (Dissatisfied Impact) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. Self-media construction form demands | Q1. single-column type | 61.7% | 0.0% | 6.1% | 30.0% | 2.2% | 0.0% | A | 0.63 | −0.06 |
Q2. two-column type (right) | 1.7% | 0.0% | 1.1% | 95.6% | 1.7% | 0.0% | I | 0.02 | −0.01 | |
Q3. two-column type (left) | 11.7% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 85.6% | 1.7% | 0.0% | I | 0.12 | −0.01 | |
Q4. three-column type | 7.8% | 1.7% | 2.2% | 28.9% | 59.4% | 0.0% | R | 0.23 | −0.10 | |
Q5. official website type | 12.2% | 28.3% | 56.7% | 1.1% | 1.7% | 0.0% | M | 0.41 | −0.86 | |
Q6. one-page type | 4.4% | 3.3% | 58.3% | 32.8% | 1.1% | 0.0% | M | 0.08 | −0.62 | |
B. Self-media construction content demands | Q1. sharing experience | 8.3% | 1.1% | 2.2% | 26.7% | 61.7% | 0.0% | R | 0.25 | −0.09 |
Q2. party calendar | 9.4% | 1.1% | 69.4% | 20.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | M | 0.11 | −0.71 | |
Q3. elderly care issues | 15.0% | 0.6% | 1.1% | 82.2% | 1.1% | 0.0% | I | 0.16 | −0.02 | |
Q4. volunteer activities | 9.4% | 0.0% | 1.1% | 89.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% | I | 0.09 | −0.01 | |
Q5. sports activities | 13.3% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 83.9% | 0.6% | 0.0% | I | 0.15 | −0.02 | |
Q6. lifelong learning courses | 8.3% | 1.7% | 57.8% | 32.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | M | 0.10 | −0.59 | |
Q7. health care knowledge | 22.2% | 5.0% | 1.7% | 70.6% | 0.6% | 0.0% | I | 0.27 | −0.07 | |
Q8. financial management | 12.2% | 1.1% | 53.9% | 31.7% | 1.1% | 0.0% | M | 0.13 | −0.56 | |
Q9. article related to senior living | 13.9% | 3.3% | 1.1% | 81.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | I | 0.17 | −0.04 | |
Q10. the elderly-friendly space | 14.4% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 81.1% | 1.1% | 0.0% | I | 0.16 | −0.03 | |
Q11. the elderly-friendly video | 68.3% | 1.7% | 11.1% | 17.8% | 1.1% | 0.0% | A | 0.71 | −0.13 | |
Q12. hospital related information | 18.3% | 3.3% | 1.7% | 76.1% | 0.6% | 0.0% | I | 0.22 | −0.05 | |
Q13. font size toggles | 20.0% | 4.4% | 0.6% | 74.4% | 0.6% | 0.0% | I | 0.25 | −0.05 | |
Q14. news and life affairs | 66.1% | 3.9% | 8.3% | 21.1% | 0.6% | 0.0% | A | 0.70 | −0.12 | |
Q15. keynote speech video | 11.1% | 1.1% | 1.7% | 34.4% | 51.7% | 0.0% | R | 0.25 | −0.06 | |
Q16. stories about us | 12.8% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 83.9% | 1.1% | 0.0% | I | 0.14 | −0.02 | |
Q17. Experts’ speech | 7.2% | 0.6% | 1.1% | 90.0% | 1.1% | 0.0% | I | 0.08 | −0.02 | |
C. Self-media construction interaction method demands | Q1. leaving a message and replying to articles | 10.6% | 22.2% | 54.4% | 12.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% | M | 0.33 | −0.77 |
Q2. messages sending | 5.6% | 1.1% | 2.2% | 90.6% | 0.6% | 0.0% | I | 0.07 | −0.03 | |
Q3. chat with others online | 6.1% | 28.9% | 59.4% | 4.4% | 1.1% | 0.0% | M | 0.35 | −0.89 | |
Q4. searching for articles | 11.7% | 2.8% | 2.2% | 83.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | I | 0.14 | −0.05 | |
Q5. favorite articles | 67.2% | 15.0% | 16.7% | 1.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | A | 0.82 | −0.32 | |
D. Self-media construction information display demands | Q1. time display | 13.3% | 20.0% | 60.0% | 6.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | M | 0.33 | −0.80 |
Q2. visitors’ statistics | 18.9% | 19.4% | 56.1% | 1.7% | 3.9% | 0.0% | M | 0.40 | −0.79 | |
Q3. online population | 2.2% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 94.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% | I | 0.04 | −0.03 | |
Q4. popularity display | 3.3% | 1.7% | 1.1% | 93.9% | 0.0% | 0.0% | I | 0.05 | −0.03 | |
Q5. latest article | 12.8% | 14.4% | 45.0% | 27.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% | M | 0.27 | −0.59 | |
Q6. links to other media | 7.8% | 2.2% | 1.7% | 88.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | I | 0.10 | −0.04 | |
Q7. popular articles | 43.3% | 22.2% | 17.2% | 17.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | A | 0.66 | −0.39 | |
Q8. related information | 8.3% | 1.7% | 1.1% | 88.9% | 0.0% | 0.0% | I | 0.10 | −0.03 | |
Q9. Q & A | 6.1% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 41.1% | 49.4% | 0.0% | R | 0.15 | −0.07 |
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Liang, Y.-W.; Wang, J.; Yu, S.-P.; Lin, J.-K.; Chung, A. Creating a Healthy Life for the Elderly through Participation in Self-Media: A Study on the Demands of the Elderly in Self-Media. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912774
Liang Y-W, Wang J, Yu S-P, Lin J-K, Chung A. Creating a Healthy Life for the Elderly through Participation in Self-Media: A Study on the Demands of the Elderly in Self-Media. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912774
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiang, Yo-Wen, Jeng Wang, Shu-Ping Yu, Jin-Kwan Lin, and Allan Chung. 2022. "Creating a Healthy Life for the Elderly through Participation in Self-Media: A Study on the Demands of the Elderly in Self-Media" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12774. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912774