Barriers to Community-Based Primary Health Care Delivery in Urban China: A Systematic Mapping Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Framework of Searches and Syntheses
2.2. Search Strategy
2.3. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.4. Screening and Selection
2.5. Data Extraction and Syntheses
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Included Studies
3.2. Access
3.2.1. Lack of Comprehensive Health Insurance Schemes
3.2.2. Lack of Public Awareness
3.3. People-Centered Care
3.3.1. Superficial Care Relationships
3.3.2. Gaps in Communication
3.4. Organization and Management
3.4.1. Staff Shortages and Poor Training
3.4.2. Second-Rate Equipment
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Key PHC Service Domains | CB-PHC Organizations | Non-CB-PHC Organizations | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Community Health Service Centers and Stations | Sub-District Health Service Centers | Clinics | Outpatient Departments | |
Prevention | √ | √ | X | √ |
Treatment | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Rehabilitation | √ | √ | X | √ |
Palliative care | √ | X | X | X |
Health education | √ | √ | X | X |
Study | Methods | Sample | Sample Size | Research Sites |
---|---|---|---|---|
Theme one: Access | ||||
Yin et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Patients (diabetes) | 1691 | Multi-provinces |
Sun et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Residents (aged ≥18) | 915 | Sichuan |
Li … & Mao. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Migrants (hypertension, aged >18) | 1046 | Shenzhen |
Li … & Hu. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Patients (hypertension, aged ≥18) | 867 | Shenzhen |
Zhong et al. (2018) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 1461 | Guangdong |
Liu, D. et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional | Residents (aged ≥18) | 2247 | Chengdu |
Li, W. et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 6887 | Shenzhen |
Gan et al. (2016) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged 18-90) | 7761 | Shenzhen |
Chung et al. (2016) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 3360 | Guangdong * |
Zeng et al. (2015) | Cross-sectional | Migrants (aged ≥18) | 736 | Guangzhou |
Shi et al. (2015) | Cross-sectional | Patients (hypertension, diabetes, aged ≥50) | 560 | Guangdong |
Chung et al. (2013) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 3356 | Guangdong * |
Theme two: People-centered care | ||||
Zhang, W. et al. (2020) | Cross-sectional | Residents (aged ≥60) | 2754 | Nationwide |
Zhang, T. et al. (2020) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 624 | Hangzhou |
Zhang, L. et al. (2020) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 515 | Changchun |
Yue et al. (2020) | Interview | Patients (chronic disease) & nurses | 26 | Beijing |
Gu et al. (2020) | Cross-sectional | Residents (aged ≥60) | 480 | Nanjing |
Pu et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Patients (PTB, aged ≥15) | 638 | Guizhou |
Huang et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Residents (aged ≥15) | 2919 | Shanghai |
Su et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional | Residents (hypertension) | 1,092,031 | Nationwide |
Qian et al. (2017) | Interview | Medical staff & patients | 50 | Hangzhou |
Liu, C. et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 700 | Beijing |
Li, H. et al. (2017) | Longitudinal | Patients (hypertension, aged ≥60) | 880 | Shanghai |
Li, H. et al. (2016) | Cross-sectional | Patients (hypertension, aged 18-80) | 782 | Wuhan, Nanjing |
Gu et al. (2016) | Cohort | Patients (heart disease, aged ≥55) | 329 | Beijing |
Zhong et al. (2015) | Cross-sectional | Community inhabitants | 9067 | Anhui |
Li … Yang et al. (2015) | Cross-sectional | Patients (hypertension, aged ≥18) | 696 | Shanghai, Shenzhen |
Li … Lao et al. (2015) | Cohort | Patients (hypertension, aged ≥18) | 3196 | Shanghai, Shenzhen |
Kuang et al. (2015) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 1645 | Guangdong |
Du et al. (2015) | Cross-sectional | Patients | 864 | Guangdong |
Yang et al. (2014) | Cross-sectional | Residents (NCD, aged ≥18) | 51,501 | Guangdong |
Wang et al. (2014) | Cross-sectional | Residents | 162,464 | Guangdong |
McCollum et al. (2014) | Cross-sectional & interview | Patients (aged ≥18) & health directors | 231 + 8 | Fuzhou |
Chen et al. (2014) | Cross-sectional | Patients (hypertension, aged ≥35) | 3191 | Chengdu |
Wang et al. (2013) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 1440 | Guangdong * |
Shao et al. (2013) | Cross-sectional | Residents (aged ≥15) | 6592 | Beijing |
Theme three: Organization and management | ||||
Liu et al. (2021) | Longitudinal | Doctors | 8968 | Shanghai |
Huang et al. (2021) | Longitudinal | Residents (aged ≥18) | 4749 | Shanghai |
Zhang et al. (2020) | Cross-sectional & interview | Residents & health workers | 989 + 32 | Guizhou, Chongqing |
Yao et al. (2020) | Cross-sectional | Patients (diabetes) & care providers | 2610 | Shandong |
Xia et al. (2020) | Cross-sectional | Physicians & nurses | 2719 | Nationwide |
Duan et al. (2020) | Cross-sectional | Patients (diabetes, aged ≥18) | 1972 | Yueqing |
Zhu et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Patients (diabetes, common illness, aged ≥18) | 816 | Hangzhou |
Zhao et al. (2019) | Interview | General practitioners | 32 | Beijing |
Zhan et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Outpatient prescribers | 150 | Sichuan |
Wang et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional | Patients (diabetes, aged ≥18) | 1598 | Shandong, Jiangsu |
Searle et al. (2019) | Interview | Medical leaders | 17 | Shenzhen |
Liang et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional & interview | Health workers & leaders | 198 + 70 | Guizhou, Chongqing |
Huang et al. (2019) | Longitudinal | Patients (NCD, aged ≥18) | 4749 | Shanghai |
Chen et al. (2019) | Cross-sectional | General practitioners & nurses | 172 | Shanghai |
Zhu et al. (2018) | Interview | Managers & physicians | 15 | Wuhan |
Mao et al. (2018) | Interview | Childcare providers | 22 | Hunan |
Li, W. et al. (2018) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 1159 | Wuhan |
Li, L. et al. (2018) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged 18-89) | 698 | Guangzhou |
Zhang et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional | Primary care workers | 791 | Multi-provinces |
Wu et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional & interview | Residents | 1248 + 19 | Hangzhou |
Wong et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional | Clinicians & primary care practitioners | 3738 | Nationwide |
Wei et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional | Primary care users | 2924 | Multi-cities |
Ong et al. (2017) | Cross-sectional | Primary care practitioners | 3580 | Nationwide |
Wu et al. (2016) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 3848 | Shenzhen |
Li, J. et al. (2016) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥15) | 1918 | Jilin |
Chapman et al. (2016) | Interview | Doctors | 23 | Shenzhen |
Wei et al. (2015) | Interview | Managerial & professional staff | 60 | Guangdong * |
Jing et al. (2015) | Longitudinal | Residents (aged ≥18) | 1200 | Shanghai |
Wang et al. (2014) | Interview | Primary family caregivers | 23 | Not specific |
Li et al. (2014) | Cross-sectional | Patients (aged ≥18) | 787 | Shenzhen |
Wong et al. (2012) | Cross-sectional | Patients (hypertension) | 1830 | Guangdong * |
Barriers to CB-PHC Delivery | Impacts of the Barrier on Community-Based Health Care |
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PHCPI subdomain: Access | |
Lack of comprehensive health insurance schemes |
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Lack of public awareness |
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PHCPI subdomain: People-centered care | |
Superficial care relationships |
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Gaps in communication |
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PHCPI subdomain: Organization and management | |
Staff shortages and poor training |
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Second-rate equipment |
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Li, B.; Chen, J. Barriers to Community-Based Primary Health Care Delivery in Urban China: A Systematic Mapping Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912701
Li B, Chen J. Barriers to Community-Based Primary Health Care Delivery in Urban China: A Systematic Mapping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912701
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Bo, and Juan Chen. 2022. "Barriers to Community-Based Primary Health Care Delivery in Urban China: A Systematic Mapping Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912701