The Use of Binaural Based Spatial Audio in the Reduction of Auditory Hypersensitivity in Autistic Young People
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Equipment
2.4. Game Intervention
2.5. Experimental Procedure
2.5.1. Baseline Assessment
2.5.2. Session Procedure: Experimental Period
2.5.3. Session Procedure: Control Period
2.5.4. Session Procedure: Follow-Up Measurement
2.6. Data Collection
2.6.1. Primary Outcome: Self-Reported Emotional Response
2.6.2. Secondary Outcome: Tracked Voluntary Participant Interaction with Target Auditory Stimuli
3. Results
3.1. Self-Reported Emotional Response
3.2. Tracked Interaction Times
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ASD | Autism Spectrum Disorders |
HMD | Head Mounted Display |
NPC | Non-Playable Character |
SG | Serious Game |
VE | Virtual Environment |
VR | Virtual Reality |
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Exposure Level | Virtual Distance between Player and Stimulus |
---|---|
1 | 25 m |
2 | 15 m |
3 | 5 m |
4 | 2.5 m |
Condition | Target Stimulus | Participants (n) | Pre-Test (M) | Post-Test (M) | % Decrease |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alarm | 2 | 4.75 | 3.25 | 31.59 | |
Baby | 2 | 5 | 4.25 | 10.53 | |
Engine | 2 | 5 | 3.25 | 35 | |
3D Audio | Fireworks | 2 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 18.18 |
Hair Dryer | 1 | 6 | 4 | 33.33 | |
Children Fighting | 4 | 5.12 | 3.37 | 34.18 | |
Children Playing | 7 | 5 | 2.5 | 50 | |
Alarm | 4 | 5.25 | 4.37 | 16.76 | |
Baby | 2 | 5.5 | 5 | 9.09 | |
Engine | 2 | 5.25 | 4 | 23.81 | |
Stereo | Fireworks | 3 | 5.33 | 3.67 | 31.14 |
Hair Dryer | 3 | 5 | 5 | 20 | |
Children Fighting | 2 | 5.25 | 4.75 | 9.52 | |
Children Playing | 3 | 4.5 | 4.33 | 3.77 |
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Johnston, D.; Egermann, H.; Kearney, G. The Use of Binaural Based Spatial Audio in the Reduction of Auditory Hypersensitivity in Autistic Young People. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12474. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912474
Johnston D, Egermann H, Kearney G. The Use of Binaural Based Spatial Audio in the Reduction of Auditory Hypersensitivity in Autistic Young People. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12474. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912474
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohnston, Daniel, Hauke Egermann, and Gavin Kearney. 2022. "The Use of Binaural Based Spatial Audio in the Reduction of Auditory Hypersensitivity in Autistic Young People" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12474. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912474