Inter-Rater Reliability of the Structured Interview of DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV) in an Adolescent Outpatient Population
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Properties of the Sample
2.2. The Structured Interview of DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV)
2.3. Properties of the Data Obtained
2.4. Analyses
2.5. Ethics
3. Results
3.1. Intra-Class Correlation Coefficients
3.2. Cohen’s Kappa
4. Discussion
4.1. Summary of Findings
4.2. Interpretation
4.3. Strengths and Limitations
4.4. Implications and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Dsm-5, 5th ed.; American Psychiatric Association: Washington, DC, USA, 2013. [Google Scholar]
- Zanarini, M.C.; Frankenburg, F.R.; Dubo, E.D.; Sickel, A.E.; Trikha, A.; Levin, A.; Reynolds, V. Axis I Comorbidity of Borderline Personality Disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry 1998, 155, 1733–1739. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gunderson, J.G. Ten-Year Course of Borderline Personality Disorder: Psychopathology and function from the collaborative longitudinal personality disorders study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2011, 68, 827–837. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fok, M.L.-Y.; Hayes, R.; Chang, C.-K.; Stewart, R.; Callard, F.; Moran, P. Life expectancy at birth and all-cause mortality among people with personality disorder. J. Psychosom. Res. 2012, 73, 104–107. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Soeteman, D.I.; Verheul, R.; Busschbach, J. The Burden of Disease in Personality Disorders: Diagnosis-Specific Quality of Life. J. Pers. Disord. 2008, 22, 259–268. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Narud, K.; Mykletun, A.; Dahl, A. Quality of life in patients with personality disorders seen at an ordinary psychiatric outpatient clinic. BMC Psychiatry 2005, 5, 10. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Korsgaard, H.O.; Torgersen, S.; Wentzel-Larsen, T.; Ulberg, R. Personality disorders and quality of life in adolescent outpatients. Scand. J. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Psychol. 2015, 3, 180–189. [Google Scholar]
- Huang, I.-C.; Lee, J.; Ketheeswaran, P.; Jones, C.M.; Revicki, D.A.; Wu, A.W. Does personality affect health-related quality of life? A systematic review. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0173806. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Winsper, C.; Bilgin, A.; Thompson, A.; Marwaha, S.; Chanen, A.M.; Singh, S.P.; Wang, A.; Furtado, V. The prevalence of personality disorders in the community: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Br. J. Psychiatry 2019, 216, 69–78. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Johnson, J.G.; Cohen, P.; Kasen, S.; Skodol, A.E.; Oldham, J.M. Cumulative prevalence of personality disorders between adolescence and adulthood. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2008, 118, 410–413. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jørgensen, M.S.; Storebø, O.J.; Bo, S.; Poulsen, S.; Gondan, M.; Beck, E.; Chanen, A.M.; Bateman, A.; Pedersen, J.; Simonsen, E. Mentalization-based treatment in groups for adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder: 3- and 12-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 2020, 30, 699–710. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yeomans, F.; Clarkin, J.F.; Kernberg, O.F. A Primer of Transference-Focused Psychotherapy for the Borderline Patient; Rowman & Littlefield Publishers: Lanham, MD, USA, 2002. [Google Scholar]
- Kernberg, O.F. Severe Personality Disorders; Yale University Press: New Haven, CT, USA; London, UK, 1984. [Google Scholar]
- Young, J.E.; Klosko, J.S.; Weishaar, M.E. Schema Therapy: A Practitioner’s Guide; Guilford Press: New York, NY, USA, 2003. [Google Scholar]
- Skodol, A.E.; Morey, L.; Bender, D.S.; Oldham, J.M. The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders: A Clinical Application. Am. J. Psychiatry 2015, 172, 606–613. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Costa, P.T., Jr.; McCrae, R.R. Personality in Adulthood: A Five-Factor Theory Perspective; The Guilford Press: New York, NY, USA, 2003. [Google Scholar]
- Mischel, W.; Shoda, Y. A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure. Psychol. Rev. 1995, 102, 246–268. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chanen, A.M.; Kaess, M. Developmental Pathways to Borderline Personality Disorder. Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 2011, 14, 45–53. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rosenström, T.; Gjerde, L.C.; Krueger, R.F.; Aggen, S.H.; Czajkowski, N.O.; Gillespie, N.A.; Kendler, K.S.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, T.; Torvik, F.A.; Ystrom, E. Joint factorial structure of psychopathology and personality. Psychol. Med. 2018, 49, 2158–2167. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Newton-Howes, G.; Clark, L.A.; Chanen, A. Personality disorder across the life course. Lancet 2015, 385, 727–734. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bozzatello, P.; Garbarini, C.; Rocca, P.; Bellino, S. Borderline Personality Disorder: Risk Factors and Early Detection. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 2142. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bateman, A.W.; Gunderson, J.; Mulder, R. Treatment of personality disorder. Lancet 2015, 385, 735–743. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paris, J. Psychotherapy for personality disorders is underfunded. Ann. Clin. Psychiatry 2021, 33, 217–218. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kernberg, O.F.; Yeomans, F.E.; Clarkin, J.F.; Levy, K.N. Transference focused psychotherapy: Overview and update. Int. J. Psychoanal. 2008, 89, 601–620. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Bateman, A.W.; Fonagy, P. Psychotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorder. Mentalization-Based Treatment; Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK, 2004. [Google Scholar]
- Linehan, M. Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorders; Guilford Press: New York, NY, USA, 1993. [Google Scholar]
- Kongerslev, M.T.; Chanen, A.M.; Simonsen, E. Personality Disorder in Childhood and Adolescence comes of Age: A Review of the Current Evidence and Prospects for Future Research. Scand. J. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Psychol. 2014, 3, 31–48. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sharp, C.; Fonagy, P. Practitioner Review: Borderline personality disorder in adolescence-recent conceptualization, intervention, and implications for clinical practice. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 2015, 56, 1266–1288. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Chanen, A.M.; Jackson, H.; McGorry, P.D.; Allott, K.; Clarkson, V.; Yuen, H.P. Two-Year Stability of Personality Disorder in Older Adolescent Outpatients. J. Pers. Disord. 2004, 18, 526–541. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kaess, M.; Brunner, R.; Chanen, A. Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence. Pediatrics 2014, 134, 782–793. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zanarini, M.C.; Athanasiadi, A.; Temes, C.M.; Magni, L.R.; Hein, K.E.; Fitzmaurice, G.M.; Aguirre, B.A.; Goodman, M. Symptomatic Disorders in Adults and Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder. J. Pers. Disord. 2021, 35, 48–55. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Storebø, O.J.; Ribeiro, J.P.; Kongerslev, M.T.; Stoffers-Winterling, J.; Jørgensen, M.S.; Lieb, K.; Bateman, A.; Kirubakaran, R.; Dérian, N.; Karyotaki, E.; et al. Individual participant data systematic reviews with meta-analyses of psychotherapies for borderline personality disorder. BMJ Open 2021, 11, e047416. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Volkert, J.; Taubner, S.; Barkauskiene, R.; Mestre, J.M.; Sales, C.M.D.; Thiele, V.; Saliba, A.; Protić, S.; Adler, A.; Conejo-Cerón, S.; et al. Mediators and Theories of Change in Psychotherapy for Young People with Personality Disorders: A Systematic Review Protocol. Front. Psychol. 2021, 12, 703095. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wong, J.; Bahji, A.; Khalid-Khan, S. Psychotherapies for Adolescents with Subclinical and Borderline Personality Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Can. J. Psychiatry 2019, 65, 5–15. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fonagy, P.; Speranza, M.; Luyten, P.; Kaess, M.; Hessels, C.; Bohus, M. ESCAP Expert Article: Borderline personality disorder in adolescence: An expert research review with implications for clinical practice. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 2015, 24, 1307–1320. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Association, A.P. Apa Dictionary of Psychology; American Psychological Association: Washington, DC, USA, 2015. [Google Scholar]
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Clinical Guidelines. In Antisocial Behaviour and Conduct Disorders in Children and Young People: Recognition and Management; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: London, UK, 2013. [Google Scholar]
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Personality Disorders: Borderline and Antisocial; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: London, UK, 2015. [Google Scholar]
- National Health and Medical Research Council. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Borderline Personality Disorder; National Health and Medical Research Council: Melbourne, VIC, Australia, 2012.
- Korsgaard, H.O.; Nic Waal Institute, Oslo, Norway. Statement on preparation of guidelines on treatment of personality disorders in adolescence, Personal communication, 2022. [Google Scholar]
- Pfohl, B.; Blum, N.; Zimmerman, M. Structured Interview for Dsm-IV Personality (Sidp-IV); American Psychiatric Press: Washington, DC, USA, 1997. [Google Scholar]
- First, M.; Gibbon, M.; Spitzer, R.; Williams, J.; Benjamin, L. Structured Clinical Interview for Dsm-iv Axis ii Personality Disorders; American Psychiatric Press, Inc.: Washington, DC, USA, 1996. [Google Scholar]
- Korsgaard, H.O. Personality Disorders in Adolescent Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study of Prevalence, Comorbidity and Quality of Life. Ph.D. Thesis, Universitetet i Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 2017. [Google Scholar]
- Krueger, R.F.; Hobbs, K.A. An Overview of the DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorders. Psychopathology 2020, 53, 126–132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mulder, R.T. ICD-11 Personality Disorders: Utility and Implications of the New Model. Front. Psychiatry 2021, 12, 655548. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ulberg, R.; Hersoug, A.G.; Høglend, P. Treatment of adolescents with depression: The effect of transference interventions in a randomized controlled study of dynamic psychotherapy. Trials 2012, 13, 159. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Ulberg, R.; Hummelen, B.; Hersoug, A.G.; Midgley, N.; Høglend, P.A.; Dahl, H.-S.J. The first experimental study of transference work–in teenagers (fest–it): A multicentre, observer- and patient-blind, randomised controlled component study. BMC Psychiatry 2021, 21, 1–10. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ntini, I.; Vadlin, S.; Olofsdotter, S.; Ramklint, M.; Nilsson, K.W.; Engström, I.; Sonnby, K. The Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale–self-assessment for use in adolescents: An evaluation of psychometric and diagnostic accuracy. Nord. J. Psychiatry 2020, 74, 415–422. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Beck, A.T.; Steer, R.A. Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory; Psychological Corporation: San Antonio, TX, USA, 1993. [Google Scholar]
- Bujang, M.A.; Baharum, N. Guidelines of the minimum sample size requirements for kappa agreement test. Epidemiol. Biostat. Public Health 2017, 14, e12267-1–e12267-10. [Google Scholar]
- Bujang, M.A.; Baharum, N. A simplified guide to determination of sample size requirements for estimating the value of intraclass correlation coefficient: A review. Arch. Orofac. Sci. 2017, 12, 1–11. [Google Scholar]
- Shrout, P.E.; Fleiss, J.L. Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol. Bull. 1979, 86, 420–428. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- McHugh, M.L. Interrater reliability: The kappa statistic. Biochem. Med. 2012, 22, 276–282. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Koo, T.K.; Li, M.Y. A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. J. Chiropr. Med. 2016, 15, 155–163. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, 26.0; IBM Corp.: Armonk, NY, USA, 2019.
- Altman, D.G. Practical Statistics for Medical Research; Chapman & Hall/CRC: Boca Raton, FL, USA, 1999. [Google Scholar]
- Jane, J.S.; Pagan, J.L.; Turkheimer, E.; Fiedler, E.R.; Oltmanns, T.F. The interrater reliability of the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality. Compr. Psychiatry 2006, 47, 368–375. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems; WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2019.
Individual Categorical Diagnoses | Criterion Scores | Continuous Scores | |
---|---|---|---|
ICC | 0.876 | 0.952 | 0.917 |
95% CI | 0.718–0.945 | 0.891–0.979 | 0.808–0.964 |
Value of F-test | 8.036 | 20.902 | 12.062 |
Degrees of freedom (df1 and df2) | 24 and 24 | 24 and 24 | 23 and 23 |
F-test significance level | p < 0.0005 | p < 0.0005 | p < 0.0005 |
Kappa Coefficient | Asymptotic Standard Error | t-Test Statistic | Significance | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Categorical diagnosis | 0.623 | 0.134 | 4.376 | p < 0.0005 |
Dichotomous diagnosis | 0.896 | 0.101 | 4.506 | p < 0.0005 |
Individual Categorical Diagnoses | Criterion Scores | Continuous Scores | |
---|---|---|---|
99% CI | 0.631–0.958 | 0.858–0.984 | 0.748–0.973 |
F-test significance level | p < 0.0005 | p < 0.0005 | p < 0.0005 |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Svela, E.W.; Korsgaard, H.O.; Stänicke, L.I.; Ulberg, R. Inter-Rater Reliability of the Structured Interview of DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV) in an Adolescent Outpatient Population. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12283. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912283
Svela EW, Korsgaard HO, Stänicke LI, Ulberg R. Inter-Rater Reliability of the Structured Interview of DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV) in an Adolescent Outpatient Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12283. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912283
Chicago/Turabian StyleSvela, Eirik Wixøe, Hans Ole Korsgaard, Line Indrevoll Stänicke, and Randi Ulberg. 2022. "Inter-Rater Reliability of the Structured Interview of DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV) in an Adolescent Outpatient Population" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12283. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912283