Influence of Local Muscle Cooling on Mitochondrial-Related Gene Expression at Rest
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Skin Temperature
2.3. Arterial Hemodynamics
2.4. Intramuscular Temperature and Biopsies
2.5. mRNA Analyses
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Temperature
3.2. Arterial Hemodynamics
3.3. Gene Expression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Primer 1 | Primer 2 | Probe | |
---|---|---|---|
Reference | |||
B-Actin | CCTTGCACATGCCGGAG | ACAGAGCCTCGCCTTTG | TCATCCATGGTGAGCTGGCGG |
B2M | ACCTCCATGATGCTGCTTAC | GGACTGGTCTTTCTATCTCTTGT | CCTGCCGTGTGAACCATGTGACT |
GAPDH | TGTAGTTGAGGTCAATGAAGGG | ACATCGCTCAGACACCATG | AAGGTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTGGTC |
RPS18 | GTCAATGTCTGCTTTCCTCAAC | GTTCCAGCATATTTTGCGAGT | TCTTCGGCCCACACCCTTAATGG |
Biogenesis | |||
PGC-1α | AGCCTCTTTGCCCAGATCTT | GGCAATCCGTCTTCATCCAC | AGCTTTCTGGGTGGACTCAAGTGG |
PGC-1α A | ATGGAGTGACATCGAGTGTGCT | GAGTCCACCCAGAAAGCTGT | AAGACCAGCCTCTTTGCCCAGATC |
PGC-1α B | CTATGGATTCAATTTTGAAATGTGC | CTGATTGGTCACTGCACCAC | AAGACCAGCCTCTTTGCCCAGATC |
NT-PGC-1α | TCACACCAAACCCACAGAGA | CTGGAAGATATGGCACAT | AAAGAAGTCCCACACACAGTCGCA |
VEGF | GCGCTGATAGACATCCATGA | CCATGAACTTTCTGCTGTCTTG | TGCTCTACCTCCACCATGCCAAG |
TFAM | GCCAAGACAGATGAAAACCAC | TGGGAAGGTCTGGAGCA | CGCTCCCCCTTCAGTTTTGTGTATTT |
ESRRα | TCTCCGCTTGGTGATCTCA | CTATGGTGTGGCATCCTGTG | TGGTCCTCTTGAAGAAGGCTTTGCA |
NRF1 | GTCATCTCACCTCCCTGTAAC | GATGCTTCAGAATTGCCAACC | ATGGAGAGGTGGAACAAAATTGGGC |
GABPA | TGGCTTCTGGACTTGGAAC | GACGGTATGCAACAGGACAT | CAATATTAAGACACTGTAACTCAGGAATGGATAATAGCTC |
Mitophagy | |||
PINK1 | GTTGCTTGGGACCTCTCTTG | TGAACACAATGAGCCAGGAG | TGTAAGTGACTGCTCCATACTCCCCA |
PARK2 | GCTTGGTGGTTTTCTTGATGG | TTGAAGCCTCAGGAACAACT | CCTGCTCGGCGGCTCTTTCA |
BNIP3 | CCACTAACGAACCAAGTCAGAC | CATCTCTGCTGCTCTCTCAT | AAAGGTGCTGGTGGAGGTTGTCA |
BNIP3 L | CAAACATGATCTGCCCATCTTC | TCCTCATCCTCCATCCACAA | TCTCACTGTGACAGCCCTTCGC |
RT | COLD | |
---|---|---|
Blood Velocity (m‧s–1) | 0.64 ± 0.13 | 0.62 ± 0.17 |
Arterial Diameter (cm) | 0.62 ± 0.05 | 0.60 ± 0.05 * |
Blood Flow (mL‧min–1) | 275.0 ± 54.0 | 259.1 ± 69.0 |
Shear Rate (s–1) | 412 ± 27 | 412 ± 34 |
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Robins, L.; Kwon, M.; McGlynn, M.L.; Rosales, A.M.; Pekas, E.J.; Collins, C.; Park, S.-Y.; Slivka, D.R. Influence of Local Muscle Cooling on Mitochondrial-Related Gene Expression at Rest. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912028
Robins L, Kwon M, McGlynn ML, Rosales AM, Pekas EJ, Collins C, Park S-Y, Slivka DR. Influence of Local Muscle Cooling on Mitochondrial-Related Gene Expression at Rest. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912028
Chicago/Turabian StyleRobins, Larry, Monica Kwon, Mark L. McGlynn, Alejandro M. Rosales, Elizabeth J. Pekas, Christopher Collins, Song-Young Park, and Dustin R. Slivka. 2022. "Influence of Local Muscle Cooling on Mitochondrial-Related Gene Expression at Rest" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912028