Epidemiological Study on Burnout in Spanish Dentists: Underlying Psychological Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Prevalence of Burnout, Descriptive Analysis, and Typology of Dentists According to Their Degree of Burnout
3.2. Personality Differences between Groups
- Neuroticism (p < 0.001), with a large effect size (d = 1.00) [48]. Mean scores differed from each other, with the burnout group being the highest, with high burnout scores in at least one of the three dimensions.
- Extraversion (p < 0.001), with a medium effect size (d = − 0.64) [48]. The highest mean score corresponded to the members of the group without burnout who presented no signs of burnout.
- Agreeableness (p < 0.001), with a medium effect size (d = − 0.54) [48]. The highest mean score in this dimension again corresponded to the members of the group without burnout.
- Conscientiousness (p < 0.001), with a small effect size (d = − 0.31) [48]. The highest mean score was that of the members of the group without burnout.
3.3. Differences in Coping Strategies between the Groups
- Problem-focused coping, with a small effect size (d = −0.18) [48]. The mean score was higher for members of the group without burnout.
- Emotion-focused coping, with a small effect size (d = −0.19) [48]. This was the same as in the previous dimension: the highest mean score was that of the members of the group without burnout.
- Avoidant coping (p < 0.001), with a medium effect size (d = 0.54) [48]. In this case, the highest mean score was that of the members of the group with burnout.
3.4. Correlation Coefficients between the Five Personality Dimensions (NEO FFI), the Three Coping Styles (Brief COPE-28) and Age, and the Three Dimensions of Burnout Syndrome (MBI-HSS)
3.5. Logistic Regression Model for Estimating Burnout
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Prevalence | Number of Dentists | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|
No Burnout | 395 | 30.5% |
Initial Burnout | 353 | 27.2%% |
Moderate Burnout | 423 | 32.5% |
Severe Burnout | 127 | 9.8% |
Mean | SD | Minimum | Maximum | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 41.8 | 11.5 | 22 | 74 |
NEO FFI | ||||
Neuroticism | 33.8 | 9.2 | 12 | 60 |
Extraversion | 40.2 | 7.3 | 15 | 60 |
Openness to experience | 40.1 | 6.8 | 20 | 60 |
Agreeableness | 42.1 | 5.9 | 15 | 60 |
Conscientiousness | 45.9 | 6.0 | 27 | 60 |
COPE-28 | ||||
Problem-focused coping | 70.9 | 10.4 | 25.0 | 100.0 |
Emotion-focused coping | 56.2 | 8.9 | 25.0 | 87.5 |
Avoidant coping | 48.8 | 7.5 | 25.0 | 77.1 |
MBI-HSS | ||||
Emotional exhaustion | 30.8 | 10.9 | 9 | 54 |
Depersonalization | 10.3 | 4.7 | 5 | 28 |
Reduced personal accomplishment | 39.8 | 5.9 | 8 | 48 |
Dimension | Burnout (n = 903) Mean (SD) | No Burnout (n = 395) Mean (SD) | T Test | p | Cohen’s d (CI95%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neuroticism | 36.6 (8.6) | 27.5 (7.0) | 18.652 | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.89; 1.10) |
Extraversion | 38.8 (7.4) | 43.5 (6.1) | −11.128 | <0.001 | −0.64 (−0.75; −0.53) |
Openness to experience | 39.9 (7.0) | 40.4 (6.3) | −1.220 | 0.223 | −0.07 (−0.19; 0.04) |
Agreeableness | 41.1 (5.9) | 44.3 (5.2) | −9.328 | <0.001 | −0.54 (−0.66; −0.43) |
Conscientiousness | 45.3 (6.1) | 47.2 (5.8) | −5.242 | <0.001 | −0.31 (−0.43; −0.20) |
Dimension | Burnout (n = 903) Mean (SD | No Burnout (n = 395) Mean (SD) | T Test | p | Cohen’s d (CI95%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Problem-focused coping | 70.4 (10.7) | 72.2 (9.7) | 8.733 | 0.003 | −0.18 (−0.30; −0.06) |
Emotion-focused coping | 55.7 (9.0) | 57.4 (8.6) | 9.826 | 0.002 | −0.19 (−0.31; −0.07) |
Avoidant coping | 50.0 (7.7) | 45.9 (6.3) | 87.034 | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.43; 0.66) |
Pearson’s Correlation Coefficients | |||
---|---|---|---|
Emotional Exhaustion | Depersonalization | Reduced Personal Accomplishment | |
Age | −0.140 ** | −0.131 ** | 0.080 ** |
NEO FFI | |||
Neuroticism | 0.633 ** | 0.381 ** | −0.508 ** |
Extraversion | −0.395 ** | −0.309 ** | 0.471 ** |
Openness to experience | −0.038 | −0.043 | 0.190 ** |
Agreeableness | −0.267 ** | −0.355 ** | 0.267 ** |
Conscientiousness | −0.189 ** | −0.144 ** | 0.322 ** |
COPE-28 | |||
Problem-focused coping | −0.086 ** | −0.060 * | 0.309 ** |
Emotion-focused coping | −0.085 ** | −0.053 | 0.281 ** |
Avoidant coping | 0.340 ** | 0.327 ** | −0.146 ** |
B | DE(B) | Wald | p | OR | CI 95% OR | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neuroticism | 0.115 | 0.011 | 102.793 | <0.001 | 1.122 | 1.098–1.148 |
Extraversion | −0.066 | 0.012 | 28.268 | <0.001 | 0.936 | 0.914–0.959 |
Agreeableness | −0.047 | 0.014 | 11.744 | 0.001 | 0.954 | 0.928–0.980 |
Avoidant coping | 0.043 | 0.011 | 14.808 | <0.001 | 1.044 | 1.022–1.068 |
Conscientiousness | 0.035 | 0.013 | 6.580 | 0.010 | 1.035 | 1.008–1.063 |
Age | −0.020 | 0.006 | 10.026 | 0.002 | 0.980 | 0.968–0.992 |
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Gómez-Polo, C.; Martín Casado, A.M.; Castaño, A.; Montero, J. Epidemiological Study on Burnout in Spanish Dentists: Underlying Psychological Factors. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 13418. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413418
Gómez-Polo C, Martín Casado AM, Castaño A, Montero J. Epidemiological Study on Burnout in Spanish Dentists: Underlying Psychological Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(24):13418. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413418
Chicago/Turabian StyleGómez-Polo, Cristina, Ana María Martín Casado, Antonio Castaño, and Javier Montero. 2021. "Epidemiological Study on Burnout in Spanish Dentists: Underlying Psychological Factors" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24: 13418. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413418