When Alcohol Adverts Catch the Eye: A Psychometrically Reliable Dual-Probe Measure of Attentional Bias
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Materials
2.2.1. Questionnaires
2.2.2. Video Advertisement Stimuli
2.2.3. Dual-Probe Attention Assessment Task
2.2.4. In Vivo Measure of Alcohol Consumption: Sham Taste Test
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sample Characteristics
3.2. Internal Reliability of the Attentional Bias to Alcohol Adverts
3.3. Association between Attentional Bias to Alcohol Adverts and Drinking Measures
4. Discussion
4.1. Limitations
4.2. Implications
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ethnicity Group | Count (Percentage) |
---|---|
Caucasian | 47 (82.46%) |
Hispanic | 1 (1.75%) |
African American | 0 (0) |
Asian | 4 (7.02%) |
Hindustani | 1 (1.75%) |
Multiple groups reported | 4 (7.02%) |
Variable | M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Gender | 1.67 | 0.48 | ||||||
2. Age | 20.88 | 2.63 | −0.00 (0.09) | |||||
[−0.27, 0.26] | ||||||||
3. Habitual Use | 0.00 | 0.90 | −0.19 (−0.26 *) | 0.14 | ||||
[−0.43, 0.07] | [−0.12, 0.39] | |||||||
4. Dual-Probe Score | 48.97 | 9.40 | −0.11 (−0.01) | 0.02 | 0.27 * | |||
[−0.36, 0.16] | [−0.24, 0.28] | [0.01, 0.49] | ||||||
5.Subjective Craving | 1.02 | 1.51 | −0.04 (−0.04) | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.29 * | ||
[−0.30, 0.22] | [−0.10, 0.41] | [−0.14, 0.38] | [0.03, 0.51] | |||||
6. Beer Consumption | 81.16 | 60.98 | −0.36 ** (−0.36 **) | 0.16 | 0.37 ** | 0.33 * | 0.16 | |
[−0.57, −0.11] | [−0.11, 0.40] | [0.12, 0.58] | [0.07, 0.54] | [−0.11, 0.40] | ||||
7. Attentional Control | 52.49 | 8.06 | −0.13 (−0.12) | −0.07 | 0.12 | −0.06 | −0.36 ** | −0.22 |
[−0.38, 0.14] | [−0.32, 0.20] | [−0.15, 0.37] | [−0.32, 0.20] | [−0.57, −0.11] | [−0.45, 0.04] |
Variable | Estimate | SE | 95% CI | β | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LL | UL | |||||
Step 1 | p = 0.110, Adjusted R2 = 0.06 F = 2.11, df = 3, 53 | |||||
Gender | −0.03 | 0.41 | −0.86 | 0.80 | −0.01 | 0.939 |
Age | 0.09 | 0.07 | −0.06 | 0.24 | 0.16 | 0.229 |
Dual-Probe Score | 0.05 | 0.02 | <0.01 | 0.09 | 0.28 | 0.036 |
Step 2 | p = 0.020, Adjusted R2 = 0.15 F = 2.96, df = 5, 51 | |||||
Gender | −0.14 | 0.40 | −0.95 | 0.66 | −0.05 | 0.723 |
Age | 0.07 | 0.07 | −0.07 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.330 |
Dual-Probe Score | 0.04 | 0.02 | -<0.01 | 0.08 | 0.24 | 0.074 |
Habitual Use | 0.13 | 0.22 | −0.31 | 0.58 | 0.08 | 0.547 |
Attentional Control | −0.07 | 0.02 | −0.11 | −0.02 | −0.35 | 0.008 |
Variable | Estimate | SE | 95% CI | β | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LL | UL | |||||
Step 1 | p = 0.002, Adjusted R2 = 0.19 F = 5.48, df = 3, 53 | |||||
Gender | −42.20 | 15.48 | −73.24 | −11.15 | −0.33 | 0.009 |
Age | 3.45 | 2.79 | −2.14 | 9.04 | 0.15 | 0.222 |
Dual-Probe Score | 1.88 | 0.78 | 0.31 | 3.45 | 0.29 | 0.020 |
Step 2 | p < 0.001, Adjusted R2 = 0.30 F = 5.72, df = 5, 51 | |||||
Gender | −41.25 | 14.77 | −70.89 | −11.60 | −0.32 | 0.007 |
Age | 2.12 | 2.64 | −3.18 | 7.42 | 0.09 | 0.426 |
Dual-Probe Score | 1.30 | 0.76 | −0.23 | 2.82 | 0.20 | 0.094 |
Habitual Use | 18.73 | 8.13 | 2.40 | 35.07 | 0.28 | 0.025 |
Attentional Control | −2.08 | 0.87 | −3.82 | −0.34 | −0.27 | 0.020 |
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Wiechert, S.; Grafton, B.; MacLeod, C.; Wiers, R.W. When Alcohol Adverts Catch the Eye: A Psychometrically Reliable Dual-Probe Measure of Attentional Bias. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 13263. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413263
Wiechert S, Grafton B, MacLeod C, Wiers RW. When Alcohol Adverts Catch the Eye: A Psychometrically Reliable Dual-Probe Measure of Attentional Bias. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(24):13263. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413263
Chicago/Turabian StyleWiechert, Sera, Ben Grafton, Colin MacLeod, and Reinout W. Wiers. 2021. "When Alcohol Adverts Catch the Eye: A Psychometrically Reliable Dual-Probe Measure of Attentional Bias" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24: 13263. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413263