Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants and Selection Criteria
2.2. Exfoliative Cytology Sampling Technique
2.3. Histopathological Protocol
2.4. Micronucleus Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study Group | Gender n (%) | Age Mean ± SD | |
---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | ||
Group A | 14 (60.41%) | 11 (39.59%) | 22.36 ± 1.41 |
Group B | 15 (65.2%) | 8(34.8%) | 21.52 ± 1.65 |
Group C | 9 (45%) | 11 (55%) | 21.7 ± 1.59 |
p value | 0.4119 * | 0.1553 ** |
Group | MN Count Mean ± SD | MNC Count Mean ± SD | Number of Samples Containing MNC |
---|---|---|---|
Group A | 3.6 ± 1.08 | 2.48 ± 0.91 | 25 |
Group B | 3.21 ± 1.12 | 2.39 ± 1.07 | 23 |
Group C | 1.95 ± 1.05 | 1.4 ± 0.68 | 18 |
p value | <0.0001 * | 0.0007 * |
Comparison | MN Count | MNC Count | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean Rank Difference | p Value | Mean Rank Difference | p Value | |
Group A vs. B | 6.453 | >0.05 | 2.327 | >0.05 |
Group A vs. C | 25.015 | <0.001 * | 20.24 | <0.01 * |
Group B vs. C | 18.562 | <0.01 * | 17.913 | <0.01 * |
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Pop, A.M.; Coroș, R.; Stoica, A.M.; Monea, M. Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 13246. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413246
Pop AM, Coroș R, Stoica AM, Monea M. Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(24):13246. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413246
Chicago/Turabian StylePop, Anca Maria, Raluca Coroș, Alexandra Mihaela Stoica, and Monica Monea. 2021. "Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24: 13246. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413246
APA StylePop, A. M., Coroș, R., Stoica, A. M., & Monea, M. (2021). Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13246. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413246