Adherence to an Injury Prevention Warm-Up Program in Children&rsquo;s Soccer&mdash;A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Hilska, Matias; Leppänen, Mari; Vasankari, Tommi; Aaltonen, Sari; Raitanen, Jani; Räisänen, Anu M.; Steffen, Kathrin; Forsman, Hannele; Konttinen, Niilo; Kujala, Urho M.; Pasanen, Kati

doi:10.3390/ijerph182413134

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Adherence to an Injury Prevention Warm-Up Program in Children’s Soccer—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

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Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland

Tampere University Hospital, 33500 Tampere, Finland

UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland

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Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland

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Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland

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Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland

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Department of Physical Therapy Education—Oregon, College of Health Sciences—Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA

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Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

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Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, 0806 Oslo, Norway

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Eerikkilä Sports Institute Training Center, Eerikkilä, 31370 Tammela, Finland

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Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland

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Research Institute for Olympic Sports, 40700 Jyväskylä, Finland

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Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

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McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

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Academic Editors: Oluwatoyosi (Olu) Owoeye and Paul B. Tchounwou

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(24), 13134; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413134

Received: 24 October 2021 / Revised: 7 December 2021 / Accepted: 9 December 2021 / Published: 13 December 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Injury Prevention in Sport)

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Abstract

This study examined the impact of high adherence to a neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-up on the risk of lower extremity (LE) injuries in children’s soccer. Twenty U11–U14 youth clubs (n = 92 teams, 1409 players) were randomized into intervention (n = 44 teams) and control (n = 48 teams) groups. The intervention group was advised to perform an NMT warm-up 2 to 3 times a week for 20 weeks. Team adherence, injuries, and exposure were registered throughout the follow-up. Primary outcomes were the incidence of soccer-related acute LE injuries and the prevalence of overuse LE injuries. Intervention teams conducted mean 1.7 (SD 1.0) NMT warm-ups weekly through follow-up. The seasonal trend for adherence declined significantly by −1.9% (95% CI −0.8% to −3.1%) a week. There was no difference in the incidence of acute injuries nor the prevalence of overuse LE injuries in high team adherence group (n = 17 teams) compared to controls. However, the risk for acute noncontact LE injuries was 31% lower in the high team adherence group compared to controls (IRR 0.69, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.97). In an efficacy analysis (n = 7 teams), there was a significant reduction of 47% in the rate of noncontact LE injuries (IRR 0.53, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.97). In conclusion, teams conducted NMT warm-up sessions regularly, but with a declining trend. A greater protective effect was seen in teams with the highest adherence to the NMT warm-up. View Full-Text

Keywords: adherence; adolescent; children; football; implementation; injury prevention; neuromuscular training; soccer; youth

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Supplementary File 1:
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Link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClm5f0iA3DZFjTWzdNs0ZLA
Description: video 1: SOCCER NMT WARM-UP: Monster walk sideways video 2: SOCCER NMT WARM-UP: Forward run with direction changes video 3: SOCCER NMT WARM-UP: Jumping Jack 1 video 4: SOCCER NMT WARM-UP: Jumping Jack 2 video 5: SOCCER NMT WARM-UP: Jumping Jack 3

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hilska, M.; Leppänen, M.; Vasankari, T.; Aaltonen, S.; Raitanen, J.; Räisänen, A.M.; Steffen, K.; Forsman, H.; Konttinen, N.; Kujala, U.M.; Pasanen, K. Adherence to an Injury Prevention Warm-Up Program in Children’s Soccer—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 13134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413134

AMA Style

Hilska M, Leppänen M, Vasankari T, Aaltonen S, Raitanen J, Räisänen AM, Steffen K, Forsman H, Konttinen N, Kujala UM, Pasanen K. Adherence to an Injury Prevention Warm-Up Program in Children’s Soccer—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(24):13134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413134

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hilska, Matias, Mari Leppänen, Tommi Vasankari, Sari Aaltonen, Jani Raitanen, Anu M. Räisänen, Kathrin Steffen, Hannele Forsman, Niilo Konttinen, Urho M. Kujala, and Kati Pasanen. 2021. "Adherence to an Injury Prevention Warm-Up Program in Children’s Soccer—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24: 13134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413134

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Adherence to an Injury Prevention Warm-Up Program in Children’s Soccer—A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

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