Association of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Depression in Sport University Students
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Instruments
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Design and Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Basic Characteristics of Participants by Depression
3.2. Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity
3.3. Multivariate Regression Analysis of Depression, Sedentary Behavior, and Physical Activity
4. Discussion
4.1. Detection of Depression in Students of a Sports University
4.2. Sedentary Behavior of Sports University Students
4.3. Association of Depression with Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity
4.4. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Total | Depression | No Depression | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | <0.001 | |||
Male | 349 (59.8) | 150 (43.0) | 199 (57.0) | |
Female | 235 (40.2) | 137 (58.3) | 98 (41.7) | |
Grade | 0.036 | |||
Freshman | 247 (42.3) | 112 (45.3) | 135 (54.7) | |
Sophomore | 212 (36.3) | 101 (47.6) | 111 (52.4) | |
Junior | 125 (21.4) | 74 (59.2) * | 51 (40.8) * | |
Profession | 0.005 | |||
Athlete | 361 (61.8) | 161 (44.6) | 200 (55.4) | |
Non-athlete | 223 (38.2) | 126 (56.5) | 97 (43.5) | |
Place of hometown | 0.902 | |||
Rural | 264 (45.2) | 129 (48.9) | 135 (51.1) | |
Urban | 320 (54.8) | 158 (49.4) | 162 (50.6) | |
Only Child | 0.392 | |||
Yes | 246 (42.1) | 126 (51.2) | 120 (48.8) | |
No | 338 (57.9) | 161 (47.6) | 177 (52.4) | |
Monthly family income | 0.666 | |||
Below 3000 CNY | 102 (17.5) | 54 (52.9) | 48 (47.1) | |
3000–5999 CNY | 184 (31.5) | 93 (50.5) | 91 (49.5) | |
6000–8999 CNY | 124 (21.2) | 56 (45.2) | 68 (54.8) | |
Above 9000 CNY | 174 (29.8) | 84 (48.3) | 90 (51.7) | |
Parents’ Marital Status | 0.042 | |||
Married | 533 (91.3) | 255 (47.8) | 278 (52.2) | |
Divorce | 51 (8.7) | 32 (62.7) | 19 (37.3) | |
Overweight | 0.083 | |||
Yes (BMI ≥ 24) | 64 (11.0) | 38 (59.4) | 26 (40.6) | |
No (BMI < 24) | 520 (89.0) | 249 (47.9) | 271 (52.1) | |
Smoking | 0.055 | |||
Yes | 87 (14.9) | 51 (58.6) | 36 (41.4) | |
No | 497 (85.1) | 236 (47.5) | 261 (52.5) | |
Drinking | 0.600 | |||
Yes | 360 (61.6) | 180 (50.0) | 180 (50.0) | |
No | 224 (38.4) | 107 (47.8) | 117 (52.2) | |
Total | 584 (100) | 287 (49.1) | 297 (50.9) |
Sedentary Behavior | Median | IQR | Mean | SD |
---|---|---|---|---|
Attending class | 2.14 | 1.36 | 2.22 | 0.89 |
Completing schoolwork | 1.00 | 1.29 | 1.25 | 1.00 |
Recreational screen time | 1.43 | 2.29 | 2.30 | 2.11 |
Socializing | 0.57 | 1.29 | 0.92 | 1.06 |
Performing hobbies | 0.29 | 0.71 | 0.52 | 0.74 |
Other | 0.29 | 0.57 | 0.49 | 0.59 |
Total | 7.29 | 5.93 | 7.70 | 4.09 |
Variable | Total Sedentary Time per Day | p | |
---|---|---|---|
≥7.29 h | <7.29 h | ||
Gender | <0.001 | ||
Male | 147 (42.1) | 202 (57.9) | |
Female | 163 (69.4) | 72 (30.6) | |
Grade | 0.442 | ||
Freshman | 124 (50.2) | 123 (49.8) | |
Sophomore | 115 (54.2) | 97 (45.8) | |
Junior | 71 (56.8) | 54 (43.2) | |
Profession | <0.001 | ||
Athlete | 139 (38.5) | 222 (61.5) | |
Non-athlete | 171 (76.7) | 52 (23.3) | |
Place of hometown | <0.001 | ||
Rural | 111 (42.0) | 153 (58.0) | |
Urban | 199 (62.2) | 121 (37.8) | |
Only Child | <0.001 | ||
Yes | 152 (61.8) | 94 (38.2) | |
No | 158 (46.7) | 180 (53.3) | |
Monthly family income | 0.001 | ||
Below 3000 CNY | 42 (41.2) | 60 (58.8) | |
3000–5999 CNY | 88 (47.8) | 96 (52.2) | |
6000–8999 CNY | 69 (55.6) | 55 (44.4) | |
Above 9000 CNY | 111 (63.8) * | 63 (36.2) * | |
Parents’ Marital Status | 0.182 | ||
Married | 238 (53.1) | 250 (46.9) | |
Divorce | 27 (52.9) | 24 (47.1) | |
Overweight | 0.083 | ||
Yes (BMI ≥ 24) | 39 (60.9) | 25 (39.1) | |
No (BMI < 24) | 271 (52.1) | 249 (47.9) | |
Smoking | 0.330 | ||
Yes | 42 (48.3) | 45 (51.7) | |
No | 268 (53.9) | 229 (46.1) | |
Drinking | 0.314 | ||
Yes | 197 (54.7) | 163 (45.3) | |
No | 113 (50.4) | 111 (49.6) | |
Participating in VPA | <0.001 | ||
Every day | 56 (40.6) | 82 (59.4) | |
A few times a week | 148 (48.8) | 155 (51.2) | |
A few times a month or less | 106 (74.1) * | 37 (25.9) * |
Variable | Total | Depression | No Depression | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Attending class | 0.009 | |||
≥2.14 h | 310 (53.1) | 168 (54.2) | 142 (45.8) | |
<2.14 h | 274 (46.9) | 119 (43.4) | 155 (56.6) | |
Doing schoolwork | 0.914 | |||
≥1.00 h | 310 (53.1) | 153 (49.4) | 157 (50.6) | |
<1.00 h | 274 (46.9) | 134 (48.9) | 140 (51.1) | |
Recreational screen time | 0.008 | |||
≥1.43 h | 363 (62.2) | 194 (53.4) | 169 (46.6) | |
<1.43 h | 221 (37.8) | 93 (42.1) | 128 (57.9) | |
Socializing | 0.945 | |||
≥0.57 h | 302 (51.7) | 148 (49.0) | 154 (51.0) | |
<0.57 h | 282 (48.3) | 139 (49.3) | 143 (50.7) | |
Performing hobbies | 0.821 | |||
≥0.29 h | 333 (57.0) | 165 (49.5) | 168 (50.5) | |
<0.29 h | 251 (43.0) | 122 (48.6) | 129 (51.4) | |
Other | 0.895 | |||
≥0.29 h | 258 (44.2) | 126 (48.8) | 132 (51.2) | |
<0.29 h | 326 (55.8) | 161 (49.4) | 165 (50.6) | |
Total sedentary time | 0.036 | |||
≥7.29 h | 310 (53.1) | 165 (53.2) | 145 (46.8) | |
<7.29 h | 274 (46.9) | 122 (44.5) | 152 (55.5) | |
Participating in VPA | <0.001 | |||
Every day | 138 (23.6) | 58 (42.0) | 80 (58.0) | |
A few times a week | 303 (51.9) | 132 (43.6) | 171 (56.4) | |
A few times a month or less | 143 (24.5) | 97 (67.8) * | 46 (32.2) * |
Variable | OR | Upper 95% CI | Lower 95% CI | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Completing schoolwork (ref. < 1.00 h) | ||||
≥1.00 h | 0.658 | 0.442 | 0.978 | 0.038 |
Recreational screen time (<1.43 h) | ||||
≥1.43 h | 1.540 | 1.031 | 2.302 | 0.035 |
Participating in VPA (ref. a few times a month or less) | ||||
Every day | 0.415 | 0.242 | 0.712 | 0.001 |
A few times a week | 0.423 | 0.270 | 0.662 | <0.001 |
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Zhou, H.; Dai, X.; Lou, L.; Zhou, C.; Zhang, W. Association of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Depression in Sport University Students. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 9881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189881
Zhou H, Dai X, Lou L, Zhou C, Zhang W. Association of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Depression in Sport University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(18):9881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189881
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Huixuan, Xiaotong Dai, Litian Lou, Chan Zhou, and Wei Zhang. 2021. "Association of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Depression in Sport University Students" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18: 9881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189881