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Volume 18
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10.3390/ijerph18179233
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Article

Assessing Undergraduates’ Perception of Risks Related to Body Art in Italy: The SUPeRBA Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

by
Carmela Protano
1,
Federica Valeriani
2,*,
Daniela Marotta
1,
Annalisa Bargellini
3,
Aida Bianco
4,
Giuseppina Caggiano
5,
Maria Eugenia Colucci
6,
Maria Anna Coniglio
7,
Laura Dallolio
8,
Osvalda De Giglio
5,
Gabriella Di Giuseppe
9,
Pasqualina Laganà
10,
Francesca Licata
4,
Giorgio Liguori
11,
Isabella Marchesi
3,
Sofia Marini
8,
Maria Teresa Montagna
5,
Christian Napoli
12,
Christian Napoli
13,
Giovanni Battista Orsi
1,
Cesira Pasquarella
6,
Concetta Paola Pelullo
9,
Vincenzo Romano Spica
2,
Rossella Sacchetti
14,
Stefano Tardivo
15,
Licia Veronesi
6,
Matteo Vitali
1,* and
Francesca Gallè
11add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
2
Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
3
Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
4
Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
5
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
6
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
7
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
8
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
9
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
10
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
11
Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
12
Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
13
Department of Computer Control and Management Engineering “Antonio Ruberti”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
14
Department of Education Studies “Giovanni Maria Bertin”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
15
Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
 
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*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Paul B. Tchounwou
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(17), 9233; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179233
Received: 18 July 2021 / Revised: 27 August 2021 / Accepted: 27 August 2021 / Published: 1 September 2021
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Abstract

Tattooing and piercing may lead to health complications. The present multicenter cross-sectional study aimed to assess awareness and knowledge of health risks related to body art and to identify their possible determinants among a large sample of undergraduates in Italy. A web-based questionnaire collecting information on socio-demographic characteristics, awareness, knowledge, and some potential predictors was administered to undergraduates attending twelve Italian universities. The level of knowledge was expressed as the number of correct answers (0–11 for tattooing, 0–14 for piercing). A total of 2985 participants (mean age 23.15 ± 3.99, 73.9% F) participated in the study. Although 95.4% of the respondents were aware of possible health consequences of body art, a low level of specific knowledge was registered for both tattooing (mean number of correct answers 5.38 ± 2.39) and piercing (5.93 ± 3.12) consequences. Lower knowledge was associated with the attendance of non-life science course and with lower duration of academic education for both tattoo and piercing. Lower knowledge of tattooing risks was related with commuter status, while lower knowledge of piercing risks was associated with lower father’s education. These findings highlight the need to enhance information campaigns targeted to youths to increase their awareness of possible health risk of body art. View Full-Text
Keywords: body art; piercing; tattooing; undergraduates; health; complications; knowledge; awareness body art; piercing; tattooing; undergraduates; health; complications; knowledge; awareness
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Protano, C.; Valeriani, F.; Marotta, D.; Bargellini, A.; Bianco, A.; Caggiano, G.; Colucci, M.E.; Coniglio, M.A.; Dallolio, L.; De Giglio, O.; Di Giuseppe, G.; Laganà, P.; Licata, F.; Liguori, G.; Marchesi, I.; Marini, S.; Montagna, M.T.; Napoli, C.; Napoli, C.; Orsi, G.B.; Pasquarella, C.; Pelullo, C.P.; Romano Spica, V.; Sacchetti, R.; Tardivo, S.; Veronesi, L.; Vitali, M.; Gallè, F. Assessing Undergraduates’ Perception of Risks Related to Body Art in Italy: The SUPeRBA Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 9233. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179233

AMA Style

Protano C, Valeriani F, Marotta D, Bargellini A, Bianco A, Caggiano G, Colucci ME, Coniglio MA, Dallolio L, De Giglio O, Di Giuseppe G, Laganà P, Licata F, Liguori G, Marchesi I, Marini S, Montagna MT, Napoli C, Napoli C, Orsi GB, Pasquarella C, Pelullo CP, Romano Spica V, Sacchetti R, Tardivo S, Veronesi L, Vitali M, Gallè F. Assessing Undergraduates’ Perception of Risks Related to Body Art in Italy: The SUPeRBA Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(17):9233. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179233

Chicago/Turabian Style

Protano, Carmela, Federica Valeriani, Daniela Marotta, Annalisa Bargellini, Aida Bianco, Giuseppina Caggiano, Maria E. Colucci, Maria A. Coniglio, Laura Dallolio, Osvalda De Giglio, Gabriella Di Giuseppe, Pasqualina Laganà, Francesca Licata, Giorgio Liguori, Isabella Marchesi, Sofia Marini, Maria T. Montagna, Christian Napoli, Christian Napoli, Giovanni B. Orsi, Cesira Pasquarella, Concetta P. Pelullo, Vincenzo Romano Spica, Rossella Sacchetti, Stefano Tardivo, Licia Veronesi, Matteo Vitali, and Francesca Gallè. 2021. "Assessing Undergraduates’ Perception of Risks Related to Body Art in Italy: The SUPeRBA Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17: 9233. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179233

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