Impact of the COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on the Physiological and Psychological Well-Being of Children with Fragile X Syndrome and Their Families
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Participants
3. Procedure
4. Measures
4.1. Sleep Quality, Daily Routines and External Support Perception Information
4.2. Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale-Developmental Disability (CAPES-DD)
5. Results
5.1. Sleep Quality, Daily Routines and External Support Perception Information
5.2. CAPES-DD
6. Discussion
7. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MOTHERS | N (%) | |
---|---|---|
Diagnosis | Full Mutation | 8 (17) |
Premutation | 30 (62) | |
Mosaicism | 10 (21) | |
Work condition | Smart working | 18 (38) |
Stopped | 8 (16) | |
No work | 13 (27) | |
Regular | 9 (19) | |
COVID-19 information (How often…?) | Never | 2 (4) |
Sometimes | 31 (65) | |
Often | 13 (27) | |
Frequently | 2 (4) | |
COVID-19 information (Where…?) | TV | 45 (94) |
Daily Newspapers | 31 (65) | |
Internet | 24 (50) | |
Social Media | 19 (40) | |
CHILDREN | N (%) | |
Diagnosis | Full Mutation | 42 (79) |
Premutation | 2 (4) | |
Mosaicism | 9 (17) | |
Covid-19 information (How…?) | Fairy Tails | 15 (28) |
Video | 20 (38) | |
Scientific Information | 13 (25) | |
Family | 45 (85) | |
CHILDREN SLEEP QUALITY | ||
BEFORE LOCKDOWN N (%) | DURING LOCKDOWN N (%) | |
Difficulty falling asleep | Never 31 (58) | 24 (45) |
Sometimes 19 (36) | 21 (40) | |
Often 3 (6) | 8 (15) | |
Time to fall asleep | >60 min 1 (2) | 4 (7) |
45–60 min 4 (7) | 7 (13) | |
30–45 min 7 (13) | 10 (19) | |
15–30 min 21 (40) | 18 (34) | |
<15 min 20 (38) | 14 (27) | |
Hours sleeping per night | 8–11 h 39 (73) | 39 (73) |
5–8 h 13 (25) | 13 (25) | |
<5 h 1 (2) | 1 (2) | |
Number of times of night awakenings | Never 27 (51) | 24 (45) |
<2 times 21 (40) | 21 (40) | |
2–4 times 5 (9) | 6 (11) | |
>4 times 0 (0) | 2 (4) | |
Difficulty waking up in the morning | Yes 10 (19) | 8 (15) |
No 43 (81) | 45 (85) | |
CHILDREN DAILY ROUTINES | ||
BEFORE LOCKDOWN N (%) | DURING LOCKDOWN N (%) | |
Speech Therapy | 21 (40) | 7 (13) |
Psychomotor Therapy | 27 (51) | 10 (19) |
Occupational Therapy | 11 (21) | 3 (6) |
Sport Activities | 35 (66) | 6 (11) |
Educational and peer Activities | 20 (38) | 9 (17) |
χ2 | p | |
---|---|---|
Family (grandparents) | 40.82 | <0.001 |
Friends | 18.02 | 0.001 |
X-Fragile Associations | 49.25 | <0.001 |
Educators | 35.76 | <0.001 |
Teachers | 30.15 | <0.001 |
Other (Doctors) | 31.32 | <0.001 |
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Di Giorgio, E.; Polli, R.; Lunghi, M.; Murgia, A. Impact of the COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on the Physiological and Psychological Well-Being of Children with Fragile X Syndrome and Their Families. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 5752. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115752
Di Giorgio E, Polli R, Lunghi M, Murgia A. Impact of the COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on the Physiological and Psychological Well-Being of Children with Fragile X Syndrome and Their Families. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(11):5752. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115752
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Giorgio, Elisa, Roberta Polli, Marco Lunghi, and Alessandra Murgia. 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on the Physiological and Psychological Well-Being of Children with Fragile X Syndrome and Their Families" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5752. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115752
APA StyleDi Giorgio, E., Polli, R., Lunghi, M., & Murgia, A. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 Italian Lockdown on the Physiological and Psychological Well-Being of Children with Fragile X Syndrome and Their Families. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 5752. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115752