Change in the Mindset of a Paediatric Exercise Physiologist: A Review of Fifty Years Research
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Heart Rate during Bicycle Ergometer Exercise in Watts/Kg Bodyweight in 12- and 13-Year-Old Boys
1.2. Two Randomised Control Trials (RCT’s)
- Total body fat (%) diminishes
- Corrected upper arm diameter (mm) increases
- Handgrip (kg) increases
- Bent arm hang (sec) increases
- 50 m shuttle run (sec) diminishes
- Plate tapping (sec) decreases
- Physical working capacity (PWC170 in watt/kg body weight) increases
- Forced expiratory volume (FEV%) increases
1.3. Multiple Longitudinal Study
1.4. Advanced Statistical Methods
1.5. Changes in Bones by Mechanical Load
1.6. Other Recent Longitudinal Studies
2. Conclusions
- Physical activity is good; more movement is better;
- At least 150 min per week of moderate physical activity (walking, bicycling);
- At least twice a week muscle- and bone-strengthening exercises;
- Prevent long-time sitting.
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | Weight (Kg) | W170 (W/kg) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
California | (Adams, 1961) | 60 | 48 | 2.4 |
Stockholm | (Adams, 1961) | 36 | 42 | 2.4 |
Turku, Finl. | (Olavi, 1965) | 27 | 36 | 2.7 |
Canada | (C.A.H.P.E.R., 1968) | 410 | 42 | 2.2 |
Praag | (Mᾴcek, 1970) | 90 | 46 | 2.6 |
Japan | (Ishiko, 1971) | 22 | 40 | 2.3 |
Giessen, W. Germ | (Mocellin, 1971) | 21 | 42 | 2.3 |
Amsterdam | (Kemper, 1971) | 80 | 42 | 2.0 |
Test 1 | Test 2 | Test 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
FEV% | n.s. | ||
Corr. upp. arm diam. | * | n.s. | |
FAT% | n.s. | ||
Plate tapping | n.s. | ||
50 m shuttle run | n.s. | ||
Bent arm hang | n.s. | ||
Handgrip | ** | * | n.s. |
W170 | n.s. |
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Kemper, H.C.G. Change in the Mindset of a Paediatric Exercise Physiologist: A Review of Fifty Years Research. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 2888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082888
Kemper HCG. Change in the Mindset of a Paediatric Exercise Physiologist: A Review of Fifty Years Research. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(8):2888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082888
Chicago/Turabian StyleKemper, Han C. G. 2020. "Change in the Mindset of a Paediatric Exercise Physiologist: A Review of Fifty Years Research" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8: 2888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082888