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Article

Behavioral, Emotional and School Adjustment in Adolescents with and without Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) Is Related to Family Involvement

by
Mario Valera-Pozo
,
Daniel Adrover-Roig
,
Josep A. Pérez-Castelló
,
Victor A. Sanchez-Azanza
and
Eva Aguilar-Mediavilla
*
Universitat de les Illes Balears-Cta. Valldemossa, Km. 7.5-07122 Palma, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(6), 1949; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061949
Submission received: 12 February 2020 / Revised: 13 March 2020 / Accepted: 15 March 2020 / Published: 16 March 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social and Family Determinants of Adolescent Adjustment)
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Abstract

Developmental language disorder (DLD) refers to a language delay in the absence of other underlying causes. Individuals with DLD can also present other problems related to behavioral, scholarly, and emotional aspects of their daily lives because of their language difficulties. Moreover, these difficulties could be influenced by family and socioeconomic characteristics. Twenty-eight bilingual adolescents with and without DLD in typical schools were followed from childhood to adolescence. At age five, language and cognitive variables were assessed. In addition, language, behavior, emotional and school adjustment, and socioeconomic and family aspects were evaluated at age 12. Results reveal that adolescents with DLD show poorer school adjustment and less adaptive skills when evaluated by their tutors, and a larger index of emotional problems when self-assessed. Moreover, family involvement, but not socioeconomic status (SES), emerged as a protective factor since it was related to behavioral, emotional, and school adjustment, a result that was further confirmed by structural equation modeling. Therefore, a more global approach involving individuals, schools and families is needed to provide adolescents with DLD adequate support. It is important to stimulate their social skills and emotional adjustment so they can cope with social difficulties more easily, especially at school.
Keywords: language delay; specific language impairment; family involvement; mental health; school adaptation language delay; specific language impairment; family involvement; mental health; school adaptation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Valera-Pozo, M.; Adrover-Roig, D.; Pérez-Castelló, J.A.; Sanchez-Azanza, V.A.; Aguilar-Mediavilla, E. Behavioral, Emotional and School Adjustment in Adolescents with and without Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) Is Related to Family Involvement. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061949

AMA Style

Valera-Pozo M, Adrover-Roig D, Pérez-Castelló JA, Sanchez-Azanza VA, Aguilar-Mediavilla E. Behavioral, Emotional and School Adjustment in Adolescents with and without Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) Is Related to Family Involvement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(6):1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061949

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valera-Pozo, Mario, Daniel Adrover-Roig, Josep A. Pérez-Castelló, Victor A. Sanchez-Azanza, and Eva Aguilar-Mediavilla. 2020. "Behavioral, Emotional and School Adjustment in Adolescents with and without Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) Is Related to Family Involvement" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6: 1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061949

APA Style

Valera-Pozo, M., Adrover-Roig, D., Pérez-Castelló, J. A., Sanchez-Azanza, V. A., & Aguilar-Mediavilla, E. (2020). Behavioral, Emotional and School Adjustment in Adolescents with and without Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) Is Related to Family Involvement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6), 1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061949

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